Page 11 - [Uma_Sekaran]_Research_methods_for_business__a_sk(BookZZ.org)

CONTENTS ix

Theoretical Framework /97 Review of Elements of Research
The Components of the Theoretical Design /136
Framework /98 Theoretical Managerial Implications /137
Framework for Example 5.13 /99 Summary /138
Hypotheses Development /103 Discussion Questions and Points to
Definition of Hypothesis /103
Ponder /138
Statement of Hypotheses: Formats /104
Directional and Nondirectional
Hypotheses /104 Null and Alternate CHAPTER 7
Hypotheses /105
Hypothesis Testing with Qualitative EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS /141
Research: Negative Case The Lab Experiment /144
Analysis /109 Control /144
Managerial Advantage /112 Manipulation of the Independent
Summary /112 Variable /145
Discussion Questions and Points to Controlling the Contaminating
Ponder /112 Exogenous or “Nuisance”
Practice Project /114 Variables /147
Matching Groups /147 Randomization
/147
Internal Validity /149
CHAPTER 6 External Validity or Generalizability of
THE RESEARCH PROCESS: Lab Experiments /149
STEP 6: ELEMENTS OF RESEARCH The Field Experiment /150
DESIGN /116 External Validity /150

The Research Design /117 Trade-Off between Internal and
The Purpose of the Study: Explorat- External Validity /150
ory, Descriptive, Hypothesis Testing Factors Affecting Internal Validity /151
(Analytical and Predictive), Case History Effects /151 Maturation
Effects /152 Testing Effects /153
Study Analysis /119
Instrumentation Effects /153 Selection
Exploratory Study /119 Descriptive
Bias Effects /154 Statistical Regression
Study /121 Hypotheses Testing /124
/154 Mortality /155
Case Study Analysis /125 Review of
Identifying Threats to Internal Validity
the Purpose of the Study /125
/155
Type of Investigation: Causal versus
Internal Validity in Case Studies /157
Correlational /126
Factors Affecting External Validity
Extent of Researcher Interference with
/157
the Study /127
Review of Factors Affecting Internal
Study Setting: Contrived and
and External Validity /158
Noncontrived /129
Types of Experimental Designs and
Unit of Analysis: Individuals, Dyads,
Internal Validity /158
Groups, Organizations,
Quasi-Experimental Designs /158
Cultures /132
True Experimental Designs /160
Time Horizon: Cross-Sectional versus Solomon Four-Group Design and
Longitudinal Studies /135 Threats to Internal Validity /161
Cross-Sectional Studies /135 Double-Blind Studies /162 Ex Post
Longitudinal Studies /135 Facto Designs /163