Page 83 - Best Practices In Knowledge Transfer Programme(KTP) Phase 1

IMPLEMENTATION OF
PROJECT

Objectives 1. To transfer and incorporate the theoretical and practical knowledge to the owner/manager/staff of
ch biotech sdn bhd in the characterization and analysis of oPA as zeolites feedstock .
2. To introduce and transfer the theoretical and practical knowledge for the owner/manager/staff of
ch biotech sdn bhd on utilization of oPA for zeolites synthesis using alkaline hydrothermal technology;
and
3. To develop the capability of the owner/manager/staff of ch biotech sdn bhd in the pattern,
morphology and composition
Methodology Phase I: Characterization and analysis of OPA/POMFA as zeolites feedstock
The transfer of fundamental understanding of characterization and analysis of oPA/PoMfA for the
target group was carried out by the following steps:-
a) Knowledge transfer and training on the oPA/PoMfA characterization and analysis equipment
;and
b) Knowledge transfer and training on the oPA/PoMfA characterization and analysis procedure.

Phase II: OPA/POMFA utilization for zeolites synthesis using alkaline hydrothermal technology
a) Knowledge transfer and training on the feasible raw materials of oPA for zeolites synthesis;
b) Knowledge transfer and training on the alkaline hydrothermal technology for zeolites synthesis;
and
c) Knowledge transfer and training on the process parameter effect on the zeolites synthesis.

The realization of PoMfA utilization for zeolites synthesis using hAUT was conducted as follows:-
a) Knowledge transfer and training on the feasible raw materials of PoMfA for zeolites synthesis;
b) Knowledge transfer and training on the hAUT for zeolites synthesis; and
c) Knowledge transfer and training on the process parameter effect on the zeolites synthesis.

The knowledge and technique of zeolites synthesis will be disseminated through the alkaline
hydrothermal methods. characterization and analysis of feedstock, synthesized zeolites and several
process parameters which are temperature, time and alkaline/PoMfA ratio were observed .The work
procedure is described as follows:-
02
a) The raw PoMfA was obtained from an oil palm mill at hutan Melintang in the state of Perak, 72
Malaysia. The collected PoMfA has to be sieved through a sieve No. 16 (1.18 mm opening) in
order to remove foreign materials and uncombusted palm fiber. The residue ash retained on a
sieve is about 10% by weight. To improve reactivity, grinding process of PoMfA is needed in order to
improve the pozzolanic reaction;
b) hAUT was used in order to produce zeolites from PoMfA. The required alkaline method involves a
few steps;
i. firstly, the mixture of PoMfA and potassium hydroxide (Koh) as pre-determined ratio were
milled and fused in a furnace at the different temperature and time;
ii. secondly, the PoMfA to alkaline ratio was varied by weight and the ratio value of 1:1, 1:2,
1:3, 1:4 and 1:5, and the POMFA particle size was fixed at 800 µm;
iii. Thirdly, the resultant fused mixture must be cooled at room temperature and was further
crushed in order to obtain the homogenous mixture, and the water of 100 ml was added to
the mixture;
iv. fourthly, the mixture was treated by ultrasound irradiation with frequency of 45 khz and
power of 400 w, 500 w, 600 w, 700 w and 800 w, exposure time of 30 min., 60 min., 90 min.,
120 min. and 150 min., hydrothermal medium temperature of water bath was 40 c , 50 c,
ᵒ
ᵒ
60 c, 70 c and 80 C. The fine slurry was agitated and shaked in a water bath for 24 hours;
ᵒ
ᵒ
ᵒ
v. The mixture was washed with water until pH reached almost neutral and the filtrate was re-
covered using filter paper, and it was dried in oven at 110 c for 2 hours;
ᵒ
vi. The precipitate was then washed repeatedly with distilled water to remove excess Koh, fol-
lowed with filtration and drying process in order to obtain the zeolites; and
vii. finally, the resulted zeolites were analyzed using XRD, sEM and XRf.
Phase III: Pattern, morphology and composition analysis of synthesized zeolites.
The transfer of information of pattern, morphology and composition analysis of synthesized zeolites for
the target group was carried out by the following steps:-
a) Knowledge transfer and training on the pattern analysis of synthesized zeolites
b) Knowledge transfer and training on the morphology analysis of synthesized zeolites.
c) Knowledge transfer and training on the composition analysis of synthesized zeolites.

Best Practices in KTP ASSOC. PROF. DR. SAID NURDIN