Page 265 - Small Animal Internal Medicine, 6th Edition

CHAPTER 12 Thromboembolic Disease 237

VetBooks.ir Drugs Used in Cardiovascular Disorders—cont’d

TRADE
GENERIC NAME NAME DOG CAT

Antiarrhythmic Drugs
Class I
Lidocaine Xylocaine Initial boluses of 2 mg/kg slowly IV, up to Initial bolus of 0.25-0.5 mg/kg slowly
8 mg/kg (over ≥10 min); or initial rapid IV; can repeat boluses of
IV infusion at 0.8 mg/kg/min; if 0.15-0.25 mg/kg, up to total of
effective, 25-80 µg/kg/min CRI 4 mg/kg; if effective, 10-40 µg/kg/
min CRI (note: use with extreme
caution; other agents preferred)
Mexiletine Mexitil 4-6 (-8) mg/kg PO q8h —
Procainamide Pronestyl 2 mg/kg IV over 2 minutes; repeat if 1-2 mg/kg IV over 2 minutes, repeat if
Pronestyl SR necessary, up to cumulative dose of necessary, up to cumulative dose of
Procan SR 20 mg/kg; 10-50 µg/kg/min CRI; 6-20 10 mg/kg; 10-20 µg/kg/min CRI;
(up to 30) mg/kg IM q4-6h; (PO, if 7.5-20 mg/kg IM q(6-)8h
available, 10-20 mg/kg
q8-12h [sustained-release prep.])
Quinidine (note: 6-20 mg/kg IM q6h (loading dose, 6-16 mg/kg, IM or PO, q8h
other agents 14-20 mg/kg); 6-16 mg/kg PO q6h;
preferred) sustained action preparations, 8-20 mg/
kg PO q8h
Flecainide Tambocor 1-2 (up to 4?) mg/kg PO q(8-)12h, (start —
low; not advised if CHF or impaired LV
function present)
Propafenone Rythmol 2-4 (up to 6?) mg/kg PO q8h (start low) —
Class II
Atenolol Tenormin 0.2-1 mg/kg PO q12(-24)h (start low) Same, or 6.25(-12.5) mg/cat PO
q12(-24)h
Esmolol Brevibloc 50-100 µg/kg IV over 5 minutes (loading Same
dose), followed by infusion of
25-50 µg/kg/min
Metoprolol Lopressor 0.1-0.2 mg/kg initial dose PO q24(-12)h; 2 up to 15 mg/cat PO q8(-12)h, start
up to 1(-2) mg/kg q8(-12)h low
Propranolol Inderal 0.02 mg/kg initial bolus slowly IV (up to IV: Same
maximum of 0.1 mg/kg); initial oral Oral: 2.5 (up to 10) mg/cat q8-12h
dose, 0.1-0.2 mg/kg PO q8h, up to
1 mg/kg q8h
Class III
Sotalol Betapace 1-3 (up to 5?) mg/kg PO q12h 10-20 mg/cat (or 2-4 mg/kg) PO q12h
Amiodarone Cordarone PO loading: 10 (up to 15) mg/kg PO IV: aqueous formulation (1.5 mg/mL):
Pacerone q12h for 4-7 days, then same dose 2.5 mg/kg slow bolus over 15
Nexterone q24h for 7 days, then reduce to minutes (optimal dose uncertain)
maintenance dose
PO maintenance: 5-7.5 mg/kg PO q24h.
For IV administration use aqueous
formulation (Nexterone, 1.5 mg/mL),
not standard amiodarone, see p. 95):
3-5 mg/kg slow IV over 15 min; can
continue 0.05 mg/kg/min CRI if
needed
Continued