Page 406 - The Veterinary Laboratory and Field Manual 3rd Edition

Pathology/cytology 375

B

A1 A2

C

Figure 8.9 Schematic view of the bovine central nervous system. Bovine skeletal frame. The spinal cord
(spc) and the brain (A) are protected by the vertebral column and the skull and are surrounded by three
membranes (the meninges) and a layer of protective fluid. Illustrations (A, B and C) show some anatomical
features of the brain, spinal column and vertebrae (v), respectively. (A) Lateral view (A2) and sagittal sec-
tion (A1) of the brain, (a) cerebral hemisphere, cortex, (b) cerebellum, (c) olfactory bulb, (d) optic chiasma,
(e) pons, spinal cord (spc), (f) corpus callosum, (g) thalamus, (h) hypothalamus. (B) View of the vertebral
column illustrating the peripheral nerves (bn) which branch from the spinal cord. There is an intricate net-
work of motor and sensory nerves which supply information to and take information from each organ in
the body. If samples are collected from cases with neurological deficits it is necessary to perform a very
detailed post-mortem with the guidance of an experienced pathologist who will have a detailed knowledge
of the anatomy of the central and peripheral nervous system. (C) Caudal view of the 6th and 7th cervical
vertebrae. (1) spinous process, (2) transverse process, (3) articular process, (4) articular process, (5) caudal
cavity of vertebral body, (6) vertebral foramen (this is where the spinal cord is located).

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