Page 1631 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

can become permanently discolored
b. To notify the PHCP if jaundice (yellow
eyes or skin) develops or if weakness,
fatigue, nausea, vomiting, sore throat,
fever, or unusual bleeding occurs
C. Ethambutol
1. Description
a. Bacteriostatic
b. Interferes with cell metabolism and
multiplication by inhibiting 1 or more
metabolites in susceptible organisms
c. Inhibits bacterial RNA synthesis and is
active only during cell division
d. Slow-acting and must be used with
other bactericidal agents

2. Contraindications and cautions

a. Contraindicated in clients with
hypersensitivity or optic neuritis and
in children younger than 13 years
b. Used with caution in clients with renal
dysfunction, gout, ocular defects,
diabetic retinopathy, cataracts, or
ocular inflammatory conditions
c. Used with caution in clients taking
neurotoxic medications because the
risk for neurotoxicity increases
3. Side and adverse effects
a. Hypersensitivity reactions
b. Anorexia, nausea, vomiting
c. Dizziness
d. Malaise
e. Mental confusion
f. Joint pain
g. Dermatitis

h. Optic neuritis

i. Peripheral neuritis

j. Thrombocytopenia
k. Increased uric acid levels
l. Anaphylactoid reaction
4. Interventions
a. Assess the client for hypersensitivity.
b. Evaluate results of CBC, uric acid, and
renal and liver function tests.

1631