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More than likely, however, it probably means that you are not offering your audience
the correct premises. You have not narrowed down your evidence and properly
concluded exactly what someone needs to arrive at the same deduction that you
have. In such a case, logos is not an available means of persuasion.
Our ability to judge the logical validity of PRESENT information forms the foundation
of accessing logos. Given this, let's practice! The following section will outline a series
of arguments. Read the arguments (which are presented in paragraph form) and
then choose either "logical" or "illogical." Remember—we're not trying to decide if
they are "true;" we're trying to decide if the connections are logical and clear.
Example 1
X has two legs. Things with two legs are "bi-pedal." X is "bi-pedal."
Logical Incomplete
Feedback:
Although short, this "paragraph" makes a "valid" claim. Now it might be that there
are other factors that the information PRESENT is not considering. However, the
PRESENT information illustrates a logical deduction. The person writing this
argument could use logos to persuade people that "X is bi-pedal."
Example 2
We currently spend 90 percent of our budget on printed text advertisements and
only 10 percent on television commercials. The cost of printed text has sky-rocketed,
while the cost of television commercials is at an all-time low. We calculated that we
can reach more people via television than via newspaper with the same amount of
money because statistically, fewer people in Neighborhood X read the paper than
watch television.
TX Marketing II: Negotiation Techniques 147