Page 15 - The Future of Aerospace is X - X-Planes 2021

Curtiss-Wright X-19 Boeing X-20 Dyna-Soar

Navy photograph
The first Curtiss-Wright X-19 in 1963.

Originally developed as a private venture by Curtiss-Wright, the X-19
was intended to demonstrate the practicality of the tilt-rotor concept. It
was also noteworthy for being the last aircraft of any kind manufactured
by Curtiss-Wright.
The X-19 was also used to explore the general feasibility of vertical take
off and landing operations for such missions as the evacuation of person-
nel, missile site support, delivery of high priority cargo, counter-insurgency
operations, reconnaissance and close support operations. NASA illustration
Within the limited flight envelope explored by the X-19 prior to its de- An artists’ impression of the X-20 during re-entry.
mise, the aircraft demonstrated the general feasibility of the tandem tilt-rotor
concept. The program successfully verified the dynamic and longitudinal The X-20 Dyna-Soar was designed ed to be a quasi-operational system. flight research.
stability, hover, and transition performance of the basic design. Although to provide a piloted maneuverable ve- Although the X-20 never progressed The X-20 program was cancelled
the tandem tilt-rotor design would not find further application, much of the hicle for conducting flight research in beyond the preliminary construction before the first vehicle was completed.
data proved useful during the development of the XV-15 and later V-22 the hypersonic and flight regime. stage, it effectively served as a testbed Most of the subsystems manufactured
tilt-rotor aircraft. The X-20 was the final outgrowth for a variety of advanced technolo- for the uncompleted vehicle were used
Two X-19s were built — the first was destroyed in an accident on Aug. of concepts that had begun with Eugen gies that contributed enormously to for various ground tests. Very few ve-
25, 1965, and the second aircraft was never completed. After all the useable Sänger in 1928 and progressed through various follow-on projects, including hicles have contributed more to the sci-
components from the second aircraft were removed, the airframe was stored the Bell BoMi and RoBo concepts of the Space Shuttle. In addition, numer- ence of very high-speed flight — espe-
at the Aberdeen Proving Grounds in Maryland. the 1950s. At some points during its de- ous subsystems designed for Dyna- cially vehicles that were never actually
velopment, the Dyna-Soar was intend- Soar found their way into later X-15 built.

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