Page 42 - Botany

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‡hŠb Rbb t `yBwU wecixZagx© M¨vwgU, M¨vwgU¨vbwRqv ev wbDwK¬qv‡mi wgj‡bi gva¨‡g bZzb eskai Drcbœ Kivi cÖwµqv‡K †hŠb
Rbb ejv nh| QÎv‡Ki †hŠb Rbb c×wZ‡Z wZbwU ¯^Zš¿ `kv cwijw¶Z nq Ñ

 cøvR‡gvM¨vwg t GB `kvq `ywU wecixZ †hŠbZvwewkó †Kv‡li †cÖv‡Uvcøv‡÷i wgjb N‡U |
 K¨vwiIM¨vwg t GB `kvq `ywU n¨vcø‡qW wbDwK¬qv‡mi wgjb N‡U| Giyc wgj‡bi d‡j GKwU wWcø‡qW A_©vr RvB‡MvU wbDwK¬qv‡mi m„wó
nq|
 wg‡qvwmm t K¨vwiIM¨vwg nIqvi ciciB wWcø‡qW wbDwK¬qvmwU we‡qvRb wefvRb ev wg‡qvwmm c×wZ‡Z wef³ nq| G cÖwµqvq
wWcø‡qW wbDwK¬qvm n¨vcø‡qW ‡¯úvi Drcbœ K‡i| GB †¯úvi AbyK~j cwi‡e‡k A¼zwiZ n‡q bZzb gvB‡mwjqvg Drcbœ K‡i|
QÎv‡Ki †hŠb Rbbv½‡K M¨vwgU¨vwÄqvg e‡j| M¨vwgU¨vwÄqv‡gi Af¨šÍ‡i M¨vwgU Drcbœ nq| †hŠb Rb‡b wgjbKvgx M¨vwgU `ywU mg
AvK…wZwewkó n‡j G wgjb‡K AvB‡mvM¨vwg, GKwU M¨vwgU Ab¨wU A‡c¶v AvK…wZ‡Z †QvU n‡j Zv‡K A¨vbvB‡mvM¨vwg, Ges GKwU M¨vwgU
mPj cys I AciwU wbðj ¯¿x M¨vwgU Gi wgjb n‡j Zv‡K EM¨vwg (Oogamy) e‡j|

4| QÎv‡Ki ¸iæZ¡ D‡jøL Ki|

QÎv‡Ki ¸iæZ¡ t gvbe Rxe‡b QÎv‡Ki ¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg| wb‡P QÎv‡Ki DcKvwi I AcKvwi f~wgKv eY©bv Kiv n‡jv -
DcKvwi f~wgKv t
 Lv`¨v wn‡m‡e QÎvK t gvkiæg evsjv‡`kmn c„w_exi A‡bK †`‡k Lvevi wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ Ki‡Q| C÷ e¨envi K‡i †eKvwi‡Z
cvDiæwU I †PvjvB g` ˆZwi nq| c„w_exi weL¨vZ wMÖb cwbi QÎvK e¨envi K‡i Drcbœ Kiv nq|
 Jla ‰Zwi‡Z QÎvK t Avgiv †ivM wbqš¿‡Y †h A¨vw›Uev‡qvwUK e¨envi Kwi Zvi weivU Ask QÎvK †_‡K cvIqv hvq| c„w_exi
cÖ_g evwYwR¨Kfv‡e Drcvw`Z A¨vw›Uev‡qvwUK †cwbwmwjb Penicillium crysogenum bvgK QÎvK †_‡K ˆZwi Kiv nq|

 K…wl‡Z e¨envi t g„Z Rxe‡`n I ˆRe eR©¨ cP‡bi gva¨‡g ˆRe mvi ˆZwi‡Z QÎv‡Ki f~wgKv AZzjbxq|
 ‰Re A¨vwmW I Dr‡mPK ˆZwi‡Z QÎvK t wewfbœ cÖRvwZi QÎvK †_‡K evwYwR¨Kfv‡e e¨eüZ wewfbœ ˆRe A¨vwmW I Dr‡mPK
Drcv`b Kiv nq| †hgb ÑB÷ †_‡K Bbfv‡U©R cvIqv hvq|
 cwi‡ek msi¶‡Y QÎvK t g„ZRxex QÎvK we‡qvR‡Ki f~wgKv cvjb K‡i cwi‡e‡ki B‡Kvwm‡÷g‡K MwZkxj iv‡L|
 ‡gŠwjK M‡elYvq QÎvK t QÎv‡Ki n¨vcø‡qW cÖK…wZ I `ªƒZ eskwe¯Ívi c×wZi Kvi‡Y †gŠwjK M‡elYvq Av`k© Rxexq DcKiY
wn‡m‡e QÎvK e¨envi Kiv nq| †hgb - Neurospora crassa.

AcKvwi f~wgKv t
 Lv`¨cuPb I welwµqv m„wó t †ekwKQy g„ZRxex QÎvK Avgv‡`i Lv`¨`ª‡e¨ cuPb I welwµqv K‡i| QÎv‡Ki Avµg‡b ¸`vgRvZ
km¨ ev cY¨ bó nq|
 Dw™¢‡`i †ivM m„wó t ciRxex QÎvK Avevw` dm‡ji mvivZ¥K †ivM m„wó K‡i| †hgb - Phytopthora infestans bvgK
QÎv‡Ki Kvi‡Y Avqvij¨v‡Ûi Avjy‡¶Z aŸsm n‡q hvq Ges cÖvq 10 j¶ †jvK gviv hvq| Pv Mv‡Qi †ivM m„wó K‡i QÎvK|
 M„ncvwjZ cï cvwL I gv‡Qi †ivM m„wó t wewfbœ QÎvK cÖvwY‡`‡ni Af¨šÍ‡i I evB‡i †ivM m„wó K‡i hv A‡bK mgq Rxebnvwb

NUv‡Z cv‡i|
 gvby‡li †ivM m„wó t wewfbœ QÎvK ciRxex gvby‡li Z¡K, k¦vmbvjx, dzmdzm, P¶z, wKWwb cÖf„wZ A‡½i gvivZ¥K †ivM m„wó K‡i|
 `ªe¨ mvgMÖxi ¶wZmvab t Kv‡Vi AvmevecÎ, g~j¨evb `wjj, Pvgovi e¨envh© `ªe¨ GgbwK †mvbvi Mnbvi Dci wewfbœ cÖRvwZi
g„ZRxex QÎvK R‡b¥ †m¸‡jvi cÖPyi ¶wZ mvab K‡i|5| evm¯’vb mn Agaricus Gi wPÎmn MVb eY©bv Ki| Gi A_©‰bwZK
¸iæZ¡ wjL|
5| Agaricus Gi evm¯’vb t Agaricus Gi cÖRvwZ¸‡jv g„ZRxex wn‡m‡e R‡b¥| Giv De©i Z…Yf~wg, cPv L‡oi ¯‘c, ˆRe mv‡ii ¯‘c
cÖf„wZ ¯’v‡b Rb¥vq|
gvkiæg (Agaricus) Gi ˆ`wnK MVb t

Agaricus Gi †`n cÖavb `ywU As‡k wef³, †hgb -
1) ‰`wnK Ask A_©vr gvB‡mwjqvg Ges
2) Rbb Ask Z_v d«zU ewW|
1) gvB‡mwjqvg t GwU AZ¨šÍ kvLv- cÖkvLv wewkó I m~ÎvKvi Ges me©`v
gvwU ev ˆRee¯‘i g‡a¨ cÖweó _v‡K| d«zUewW hZ¶Y gvwU †_‡K IVv‡bv bv
nq ZZ¶Y G‡K †`Lv hvq bv| gvB‡mwjqvg AmsL¨ mv`v e‡Y©i
cÖ¯’cÖvPxihy³ nvBwd wb‡q MwVZ| A‡bK mgq nvBwd¸‡jv GK‡Î RovRwo
K‡i `woi g‡Zv MVb ˆZwi K‡i| G‡K ivB‡Rvgd© e‡j|

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mb&Rq P›`ª gÛj, mnKvwi Aa¨vcK, Dw™¢` weÁvb wefvM, RqcyinvU miKvwi K‡jR| 01713747235