Page 1220 - Basic _ Clinical Pharmacology ( PDFDrive )

1206 Index

Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), adverse effects of, 658 carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, 259–261,
1030–1031 anakinra, 657 260t, 272t
Dimerization, 27 canakinumab, 657 clinical pharmacology of, 269–272
Dimethisterone, 728, 728t, 729f. See also mechanism of action of, 657 edematous states, 269–270
Progestins rilonacept, 657–658 edema, idiopathic, 270–271
Dimethylbenzene (xylene), 1010 leflunomide, 651 general, 269–270
Dimethyl fumarate (DFMF), 989 methotrexate, 651–652 heart failure, 270
Dimethylmercury, 1028 mycophenolate mofetil, 652 hepatic cirrhosis, 271
Dinoprostone (PGE 2 , PGF 2α ), 323 preparations available, 664t kidney disease and renal failure,
abortion using, 334 rituximab, 652 270–271
labor induction using, 333f, 335 sulfasalazine, 652–653 nonedematous states
structure of, 333f tocilizumab, 653 diabetes insipidus, 272
Dinutuximab, 992 tofacitinib, 656–657 hypercalcemia, 272
Dioxins, 1015 tumor necrosis factor-α blocking agents, hypertension, 271
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, 653–656 nephrolithiasis, 271–272
762–763, 769t adalimumab, 652–654, 654f combinations
Diphenhydramine adverse effects of, 655–656 loop and thiazide agents, 269
antiemetic properties of, 1106 certolizumab, 654f, 654–655 potassium-sparing with loop or
description of, 282f, 282–283, 283t, etanercept, 654f, 655 thiazide diuretics, 269
296t. See also H 1 -receptor golimumab, 654f, 655 potassium-sparing with proximal
antagonists infliximab, 654f, 655 tubule diuretics, 269
Diphenoxylate, 568, 1100. See also Opioid structures of, 654f fundamentals of, 254
agonists Disinfectants and antiseptics, 897–901 heart failure treated with, 220, 224t, 227
Diphenylhydantoin, 418. See Phenytoin alcohols, 898, 898t acute, 224
Diphenylmethane derivative laxatives, 1099 aldehydes, 900 chronic, 221–222
Diphtheria vaccines chlorhexidine, 898t, 898–899 preparations available, 226t
diphtheria antitoxin, equine, 1180t definitions of, 898t hypertension treated with, 175,
diphtheria tetanus acellular pertussis forms of, available, 902t 176–178, 179t, 191t
(DTaP), 1176t fundamentals of, 897–898 mechanisms of action and hemody-
tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (Tdap), halogens namic effects of, 177
1178t chlorine, 899 toxicity of, 178
tetanus-diphtheria (Td, DT), 1177t iodine, 899 use of, 177–178, 179t
Diphyllobothrium latum iodophors, 899 kidney injury from, acute, 254, 275
niclosamide for, 943 phenolics, 899 loop, 191t, 262f, 262t, 262–264, 273t,
praziquantel for, 944–945 heavy metals, 901 274t
Dipyridamole, 206b, 621 peroxygen compounds, 900–901 osmotic, 267–268, 273t, 274t
Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs), 887 preservatives, 901 potassium-sparing, 191t, 265f, 265–267,
Direct factor Xa inhibitors, 616–617 quaternary ammonium compounds, 266t, 273t
Direct thrombin inhibitors 899 drug interactions of, 1170t–1171t
oral, 618 superoxidized water, 900 preparations available, 274t
parenteral, 617–618 Disinfection, 898t with proximal tubule diuretics, 269
Direct vasodilators, 176 Disopyramide, 239t, 240t, 240–241, 250t preparations available, 274t
Discontinuation syndrome, 547 Disseminated intravascular coagulation renal tubule transport and, 254–259.
Discovery, drug, 11–13, 12f (DIC), 611 See also Renal tubule transport
Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs Distal convoluted tubule (DCT), 255f, mechanisms
(DMARDs), 649–659 257, 257f sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2)
abatacept, 649–650 Distribution, drug, 7. See also specific drugs inhibitors, 261–262, 272t, 274t
azathioprine, 650 drug interactions on, 1156 thiazide, 264–265. See also Thiazide
belimumab, 658 models of, 45f diuretics
chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, Disulfiram Divalproex sodium, 426f, 426–427
650 alcoholism treated with, 404, 406t, 407t DNA guanine, 953
combination therapy, 658 drug interactions of, 1166t DNA gyrase inhibitors, 837–840, 838f,
cyclophosphamide, 650–651 Diuresis, forced, 1040 838t, 840t
cyclosporine, 651 Diuretics, 191t, 254–275, 273t–274t Dobutamine, 141t, 149, 149f, 154t. See
fundamentals of, 649 antidiuretic hormone agonists, 268 also Sympathomimetics
glucocorticoid drugs, 658–659 antidiuretic hormone antagonists, for cardiac stress test, 152
inflammation treated with, 643 268–269, 274t heart failure treated with, 219, 224, 225t
interleukin-1 inhibitors aquaretics, 267–268, 273t, 274t structure of, 149f