Page 1221 - Basic _ Clinical Pharmacology ( PDFDrive )

Index 1207

Docetaxel, 962t, 963 Dopaminergic neurons, 494, 494f Doxycycline, 824t, 920t, 927–928
Docosahexaenoic acid, 324 Dopamine system, mesolimbic, 575 Doxylamine, 282, 284, 296t. See also
Docosanol, 865t, 867 Dopamine transporter (DAT, SLC6A3), H 1 -receptor antagonists
Docusate, 1098 95b d-Phenylalanine derivatives, 759, 768t
Dofetilide, 239t, 240t, 245, 251t in addiction, 575, 576f, 577t Dravet’s syndrome, 410, 431, 435
Dolasetron cocaine on, 586, 586f Dronabinol
antiemetic properties of, 1104 Doripenem, 803t, 807, 812t as cannabinoid agonist, 582
chemical structure of, 1102f Dorzolamide, 260–261, 272t description of, 1106, 1116t
Dolutegravir, 871t, 883 Dose. See also specific drugs Dronedarone, 239t, 240t, 244, 251t
Domoic acid, 375 clinical response and, 36–40 Droperidol, 1106
Domperidone, 1097–1098 in patients, 36–37 Drospirenone, 717
Donepezil, 1063 graded dose–response relations in, Drotrecogin alfa, 624
Dopamine (DA), 494 36, 36f Droxidopa, 152
biosynthesis of, 97f quantal dose–effect curves in, 37, Drug action, duration of, 6–7
in CNS, 374f, 376t, 378 37f Drug–body interactions, 5–10
in depression, 534, 535f shape of dose–response curves in, pharmacodynamic principles in, 5–7
functions of, 92t, 149 36, 36f agonists in, 5, 6f
heart failure treated with, 225t selectivity and beneficial vs. toxic agonists inhibiting binding molecules
acute, 224 effects in, 39–40 in, 5
hypothalamic, 669, 669t variation in drug responsiveness in, antagonists in, pharmacologic, 5, 6f
metabolism of, 98f 37–39 drug-receptor interaction types in, 5
in parkinsonism, 494, 494f gene-based recommendations, 79t–80t duration of drug action in, 6–7
structure of, 144f history of, for drug concentration partial agonists and inverse agonists,
Dopamine agonists, 679–680 measurement interpretation, 53 5–6, 6f
clinical pharmacology of loading, 45f, 50–51, 51f receptors and inert binding sites in, 7
acromegaly, 679–680 maintenance, 50, 50b, 51f pharmacokinetic principles in, 7–10
hyperprolactinemia, 679, 680f on pharmacologic effects, 20, 21–26 Fick’s law of diffusion in, 8–9
lactation, physiologic, 679 chemical antagonism in, 25 Henderson-Hasselbalch equation in, 9
pharmacokinetics of, 679 competitive and irreversible permeation in, 7–9, 8f, 8t
preparations available, 685t antagonists in, 23f, 23–24 Drug conjugates, 63, 64f, 64t
Dopamine hypothesis concentration-effect curves and “Drug Facts” label, 1127, 1128f
of addiction, 579b receptor binding of agonists in, Drug groups, 10
of schizophrenia, 512–513 21, 22f Drug interactions, 1156–1173,
Dopamine receptor partial agonists in, 24–25, 25f 1157t–1172t
in addiction, 576, 579b physiologic antagonism in, 25–26 from biotransformation, 58
affinities of, 141, 141t receptor-effector coupling and spare combined toxicity in, 1173
on cardiovascular system, 147 receptors in, 22f, 22–23 in drug metabolism, 70–72, 71t
in CNS, 378 surface area, age, and weight in calcula- pharmacodynamic mechanisms of, 1173
description of, 99, 99t, 139t, 140, 494, tion of, 1056–1057, 1057t predictability of, pharmacokinetic mech-
516–517, 517f Dose axis, 36, 36f anisms in, 1156, 1173
effects of, 516–517, 517f Dose–concentration effect, 41, 42f Drug reactions
Dopamine receptor agonists, 154t Dose–effect curves, quantal, 37, 37f dermatologic, 1068, 1070t
diabetes mellitus treated with, 764, 769t Dose escalation, 952 H 1 -receptor antagonists, 284
dopamine1, 154t Dose–response curves hypersensitivity, 83t, 83–85, 84f
dopamine2, 154t graded relations in, 36, 36f Drug–receptor bonds, 3–4
Parkinson’s disease treated with, 151, shape of, 36, 36f Drug-receptor interactions, 5
497–498, 497–499, 508t Double-burst stimulation, 481 Drug responsiveness
adverse effects of, 499 Down-regulation, 28 idiosyncratic, 38
bromocriptine, 498, 508t Doxazosin. See also Adrenoceptor quantitative variations in, 38
mechanism of action of, 497–499, antagonist drugs variation in, 37–39
498f description of, 159, 159t, 170t, 191t Drug safety surveillance, 1153–1154
pergolide, 498 hypertension treated with, 184 Drug screening, 12–13
pharmacologic strategies for, 494, 498f Doxepin, 546t, 1084 Drugs of abuse, 575–589, 588t–589t
pramipexole, 498, 508t Doxercalciferol biogenic amines, drugs binding to
ropinirole, 499, 508t for bone homeostasis, 775, 777t, 789t. transporters of, 585–586, 586f
rotigotine, 499 See also Vitamin D amphetamines, 586f, 586–587
prolactinemia treated with, 151 chronic kidney disease treated with, 785 cocaine, 585–586, 586f
Dopamine receptor antagonists, 516 Doxorubicin, 962t, 964–965 ecstasy (MDMA), 577t, 587