Page 100 - Atlas of Histology with Functional Correlations

Nonmembrane bound: ribosomes, basal bodies, and centrosomes

Mitochondria

Surrounded by cell membrane
Shelflike cristae in protein-secreting cells and tubular cristae in steroid-

secreting cells
Present in all cells, except mature red blood cells, and is especially numerous
in highly metabolic cells
Produce high-energy ATP molecules
Cristae contain respiratory chain enzymes for ATP production

Matrix contains enzymes, ribosomes, and circular mitochondrial DNA
Arise from preexisting mitochondria by growth and division

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Exhibits interconnected cisternae that are covered with ribosomes
Highly developed in protein-synthesizing cells
Synthesizes proteins for export or lysosomes

Synthesizes integral membrane proteins and phospholipids for cell membrane
Free ribosomes synthesize proteins for cell cytoplasm

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Devoid of ribosomes and consists of anastomosing tubules
Found in cells that synthesize phospholipids, cholesterol, and steroid
hormones
In liver cells, proliferates to deactivate or detoxify harmful chemicals

In liver cells is involved with carbohydrate metabolism and converts
glycogen to glucose
In skeletal and cardiac muscle fibers, stores and releases calcium between
contractions

Golgi Apparatus

Present in all cells, except mature red blood cells
Consists of stacked, curved cisternae with convex side as the cis face

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