Page 28 - ASME IMECE 2017 Program

TRACK PLENARY
the manufacturing. His research work at NRL was in the areas
of materials science and processing, specifically metallic alloys
and nanostructured materials. He has given keynote and
plenary talks at international conferences and workshops.
He has nearly 150 publications, over 150 invited talks, 70
contributed presentations, edited one book and holds one
patent. He has organized and participated in several symposia
and workshops in additive manufacturing and nanomanu-
facturing. He is a Fellow of ASM International and a recipient
of its prestigious Burgess Memorial Award. His technical
interests are materials science, advanced manufacturing and
nanotechnology. His other interests are classical music,
European history and armchair politics.
Track 3: Advances in Aerospace Technology
3-13-1: AEROSPACE PLENARY
Tuesday, November 7, 8:00am–9:45am
Room 2, Tampa Convention Center
The Role of Composites in Avian Inspired Morphing UAVs
(IMECE2017-73541)
Daniel Inman
University of Michigan
Abstract: The aerodynamics and control that birds using in
gliding result in efficiencies in performance not yet realized by
fixed wing aircraft. With the advent of smart, multifunctional
composites, it is now possible to implement motions inspired
by avian gliding in small, unmanned air vehicles (UAV). Initially (IMECE2017-73542)
motivated by the casual observation of flight control motions
made by birds, morphing research has proceeded with only
limited understanding of how and why birds use their
aerodynamic surfaces for flight control. In addition, previous
research has not made use of the full spectrum of active
materials. A summary of relevant previous results from two
fields: avian biology and morphing aircraft, is presented
followed by current results on morphing trailing edge research
and rudderless yaw control.
It is noted that birds to not have a vertical tail yet have
substantial yaw stability and control. By integrating smart
materials into the rudderless tail of a small UAV yaw stability
and control is investigated in the wind tunnel. The tail consists the kinking of fibres. In dynamics it can lead to a large amount
of Macro Fiber Composites (MFCs) consisting of PZT rods
oriented at θ degrees were simulated to induce bending
twisting coupling in the control surface. When actuated, the
resulting deformation has a novel curvature, which is used to
produce a restoring moment over a large range of sideslip
angles. This work shows that the complex 3D curvature
induced by the MFCs substantially aids in increasing the yaw
moment, maintains directional stability and increases stability
in diving maneuvers.
Birds also use a shape changing trialing edge in gliding
maneuvers. Here we present a combination of shape memory
alloys and MFCs to experimentally investigate the aerodynamic
advantages of shape changing, spanwise trailing edges for
xxvi small UAVs. This work investigates the capabilities of the a
smart composite trailing edge to adapt to nonlinear aero-
dynamics which is then applied to stall recovery, by tailoring
the trailing edge deflection of the six actuators. In order to
predict the actuator configurations for stall recovery, a model
which accurately captures the nonlinear behavior of finite wing
aerodynamics.
Biography: Daniel J. Inman received his Ph.D.
from Michigan State University in Mechanical
Engineering in 1980 and is Chair of the
Department of Aerospace Engineering at the
University of Michigan, as well as the C. L.
“Kelly” Johnson Collegiate Professor. Since
1980, he has published eight books (on vibration, energy
harvesting, control, statics, and dynamics), eight software
manuals, 20 book chapters, over 350 journal papers and 600
proceedings papers, given 62 keynote or plenary lectures,
graduated 62 Ph.D. students and supervised more than 75
MS degrees. He works in the area of applying smart structures
to solve aerospace engineering problems including energy
harvesting, structural health monitoring, vibration suppression
and morphing aircraft. He is a Fellow of AIAA, ASME, IIAV,
SEM and AAM.
Track 3: Advances in Aerospace Technology
3-13-1: AEROSPACE PLENARY
Tuesday, November 7, 8:00am–9:45am
Room 2, Tampa Convention Center
Compressive Behaviour of Long-fibre Composites:
A Multi-scale and Statistical Approach
Olivier Allix
Institut Universitaire de France
Abstract: The intensive use of Carbon Fibres Reinforced
Plastics in aeronautics implies to master the prediction of the
behaviour of composite up to final failure and if one consider
energy absorption even further. The so-called virtual testing
approach supports this goal and relies on the use of robust
models keeping the key physical mechanisms into account.
An important aspect of the response of composite is
compression, which involve a particular mode of deterioration
of dissipated energy thanks to the fragmentation of the whole
structure. Thanks to many works the physics of formation of
kinking is today relatively well understood at the scale of the
fibres, the one of the energy dissipated in the process far less.
Moreover, its modelling at the meso-scale and its interaction
with delamination is still a challenging issue.
Preliminary studies focus on quasi-static loadings of small
samples. A micro model of a representative unit cell incorpor-
ating carbon fibres in an epoxy matrix has been developed to
account for the main degradation mechanisms associated to
kinking. It is based on Fleck & Budiansky’s kinking theory [1].
This micro model has been used to extract the most important
characteristics (strength, dissipated energy, kink band size)
[2–3] and the associated scattering mainly due to the statistical
waviness of the fibres. From that point on, a ply-scale model
has been improved to account for compressive loadings [4].