Page 23 - Book Chapter

Kajian Dalam Bidang Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi: Filosofi, Teori, dan Praktik

(in Secker & Price 2008) as computer literacy integrated with information
literacy, moral literacy, media literacy, and learning & thinking skill.
The overview of using the communication media with the e-literacy will
indicate a person>s information behavior and ultimately will form the
model of information behavior as all of the efforts regarding a person>s
behavior associated with the communication resources (Wilson 2000).
The relationship between information literacy, media literacy, moral
literacy, and learning & thinking skill in establishing the e-literacy
maturity level cannot be separated as a person’s cognitive capital (personal
characteristic) to involve in an era of electronic media. As expressed
by Cappello (2017), the developments of literacy are particularly with
respecting to issues of information technology development, and have led
to the combination of several literacy terms (such as audio-visual literacy,
media literacy, media literacy education, digital literacy, information
literacy, and others ) which basically require people to think more critically
on social, economic, cultural and other life issues.
One of the theories to study the correlations of using communication
media with personal characteristic is Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). The
core of the theory is the mass media as a social agent. Media is considered
to provide different roles, such as teaching reading and writing, transferring
of knowledge, technology, ethical and moral values at the individual level
(Fogenay 2013; Ho et al. 2017). Bryant and Thompson refer to Bandura>s
social cognitive theory asserting that human knowledge (mental functions)
will produce certain behavior (Morissan 2016, 241). As
Some of the previous studies that applied SCT were «Cognitive
motivation and religious orientation» by Barrett, Patock-peckham,
Hutchinson, & Nagoshi (2005) in Personality and Individual Differences. The
study was to examine the relationship between four cognitive motivations
(Cognition Needs, Consistency Preference, Individual Structural Needs, and
Individual Invalid Fear) and Religion orientation as Tools (extrinsic), Final
Objectives (intrinsic), and Truth Seeking. Meanwhile, an article entitled
«A Social Cognitive Perspective on Religious Beliefs: Their Functions and
Impacts on Copying and Psychotherapy» in Clinical Psychology Review
by Carone & Barone (2001) was to investigate the use of new media by
Catholic students and their impact on their beliefs. Middleton, Hall, &
Raeside (2018) under the title «Applications and Application of Social
Cognitive Theory in Information Science Research», in Librarianship and
Information Science, deals extensively with the contribution of SCT to
information science research.
However, from previous studies, there has not been a comprehensive
discussion of the influence of e-literacy maturity level on the behavior of

358 An Analysis of Integrated E-Literacy ...