Page 10 - january

PRODUCTION AUTOMATION

The correct assessment of the state of the cutting process is
difficult because of the complexity of the process itself, which still
does not have a unified theory, as well as the complex structure of
its dynamics [10, 11]. The dynamics of contact interaction during
cutting is determined, with on the one hand,
by the shock interaction of the micro relief, on
the other hand, by the intense formation of
adhesive bonds that tend to turn the CT and the
part into a single whole. There are grounds for
asserting that the process of cutting materials
is, in principle, self-oscillating [9, 12]. Thus, the
VA signal is generated by a complex nonlinear
dynamic system, the self-oscillating process of
which is adjusted to the processing conditions.
In this situation, the search for the parameters
of VA signals that provide reliable information
about tool wear and the quality of the resulting surface is a complex and multivariate task. It is
further complicated by the fact that the updating of tool and structural materials is much faster
than research in the field of diagnostics of the cutting process.
The problems of diagnostics of the cutting process are supplemented by the issues of
diagnostics of the most important units of technological equipment, which are responsible for
the accuracy of processing, and disturbances in their operation can cause an emergency or
a failure in the technological cycle [13]. First of all, it is necessary to consider the operation
of spindle units, which in modern machine tools are mechatronic modules [14-16], having
high accuracy and rotation speed. Minor deviations at the stage of assembly of these units or
violations of operating conditions can cause their unexpected failures during processing, leading
to expensive repairs and equipment downtime. To monitor and diagnose the technical state of
machine tool equipment, a number of diagnostic signals can be used, received from various
parts of the technological system, the state of which determines the accuracy and quality of
product processing. This requires constant monitoring of the components of the technological
system.
One of the main tasks facing the DM serving an automated technological complex is
to determine the current operability of the tools to determine timely the moment of their
replacement, ensuring trouble-free operation of the complex in the absence of an operator. A
significant scatter of the quality characteristics of tools complicates the task, for example, the
durability of the same type of tools can differ several times.
The development of measuring instruments and computers in recent years has made
it possible to solve partially the problems of control and diagnostics by creating monitoring
systems for machines and equipment based on the considered information technologies. Such
systems [8], focused on continuous monitoring of the diagnostic parameters of a particular
machine or equipment, have special adaptation modes at the beginning of operation, when

10 Stanochniy park