Page 10 - Navy Journal E-Book 7-6-20

Navy Journal 2019

Maslow’s original concept included the following figure:

Self-Fulfilment
Growth Morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem Self Needs
Needs solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts Actualisation
Needs
Morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem
solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts Esteem Needs
Psychological
Needs
Friendship, family, sexual intimacy
Deficiency Love/Belonging Needs
Needs
Security of body, employment,
resources, morality, family, Safety Needs
health, and property Basic
Breathing, food, water, sex, Needs
Physiological Needs
sleep, homeostasis, excretion Figure 2: Hierarchy of Needs
Figure 2: Hierarchy of Needs
Figure 2 can be described as:

a. At the bottom of the figure sits ‘Physiological Needs’, which are basic
elements and bodily functions (ie, homeostasis ) needed for survival
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including shelter and clothing. These essential needs take precedence for
fulfilment over other needs. Maslow included sexual reproduction in this
level since it is essential for survival and propagation of most species.
b. Once the physiological needs are met, individuals tend to seek surety
for control and order in their lives so that the next set of safety issues like
health, finances, and physical safety might be available, and thus arises
the ‘Safety Needs’. Subsequently, their behaviour is largely motivated
towards such achievements.
The safety and physiological needs together make up the ‘Basic Needs’;
after basic needs get fulfilled further needs become more complex and
intangible.
c. As social beings, humans desire to be a member of a group where
individuals like to share their feelings, physical company, and living
spaces with a few trusted individuals – such needs are ‘Love/Belonging
Needs’. These are mostly emotional needs for family, friendship,
1. The Oxford Learner’s Dictionary defines ‘Homeostasis’ as ‘the process by which the body reacts to changes in order to
keep conditions inside the body, for example temperature, the same’; as in https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/defini-
tion/english/homeostasis, accessed 26 Oct 2018.

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