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216    Part 3   •  Organizing
                    “The Power of  Empowerment,”    Architecture”;  H.   Chesbrough     BusinessWeek,  November  11,  April 15, 2010, 1A+; T. D. Hecht
                    Nation’s Business, June 1993,   and D.  Teece, “When Is  Virtual   2002, 64–68.  and N. J.  Allen, “A Longitudi-
                    49–52.                    Virtuous: Organizing for Innova-   43.  P. Engardio, “The Future of Out-  nal Examination of the  Work-
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                    High Performance Teams,” Acad-  tions and Social Mechanisms,”   ever You  Are,”  New York  Times    57.  K. Bennhold, “Working (Part-
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                    Selective  Intervention, High-  Strategic  Management  Journal   24–29; C. Cobbs, “Technol-  Workforce  Management  Online,
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                    8  (1997):  209–22; R. Ashkenas,   Strategy & Business, Summer   Leader, June 15, 2006, 5B; C. Ed-  Workers,”  USA Today, February
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                    The  Boundaryless  Organization:   and G. T. M. Hult, “To Be Modu-  on the Job,”  BusinessWeek, June   ing Costs, Companies Favor Tem-
                    Breaking the Chains of Orga-  lar or Not to Be? Some Answers   20, 2005, 87–90; and S. E. Ante,   porary Help,”  New York  Times
                    nizational Structure (San Fran-  to the Question,”  Academy of   “The World Wide Work  Space,”   Online, December 19, 2010; and
                    cisco: Jossey-Bass, 1997); R. M.   Management  Executive,  May  BusinessWeek, June 6, 2005,   P. Davidson, “Temporary Workers
                    Hodgetts, “A Conversation with   2002, 166–67; M.  A. Schilling,   106–08.      Reshape Companies, Jobs,”  USA
                    Steve Kerr,”  Organizational Dy-  “The Use of Modular Organiza-   47.  P. Olson, “Tesco’s Landing,”   Today, October 13, 2010, 1B+.
                    namics, Spring 1996, 68–79; and   tional Forms:  An Industry-Level   Forbes, June 4, 2007, 116–18; and    61.  C. C. Miller and N. Perlroth, “Ya-
                    J. Gebhardt, “The Boundaryless   Analysis,”  Academy of Manage-  P. M. Senge, The Fifth Discipline:   hoo Says New Policy Is Meant to
                    Organization,”  Sloan Manage-  ment Journal (December 2001):   The Art and Practice of Learning   Raise Morale,”  New York  Times
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                    19. For another view of boundar-  D. Goldhar, “Advanced Manufac-  bleday, 1990).  dath,  “Work-From-Home  Truths,
                    yless organizations, see B. Victor,   turing Technology: Organizational    48.  P. B. Smith and M. F. Peterson,   Half-Truths, and Myths,” Bloom-
                    “The Dark Side of the New Or-  Design and Strategic Flexibil-  “Demographic Effects on the Use   berg BusinessWeek, March 4–10,
                    ganizational Forms: An Editorial   ity,” Organization Studies vol. 17   of Vertical Sources of Guidance   2013, 75; Q. Fottrell, “The Home
                    Essay,”  Organization Science,   (1996): 501–23; R. Sanchez and   by Managers in Widely Differing   Office  in  the  Spotlight,”  Wall
                    November 1994, 479–82.    J. Mahoney, “Modularity Flex-  Cultural Contexts,” International   Street Journal, February 27, 2013,
                 36.  See, for instance,  Y. Shin, “A   ibility and Knowledge Manage-  Journal of Cross Cultural Man-  B6; E. Weise, “Telecommuters to
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                    for Virtual  Organizations,”  Jour-  Design,”  Strategic Management    49.  J. Marquez, “Connecting a Virtual   ary 26, 2013, 1A; R. E. Silver-
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                    “Smart and Smarter,”  Forbes,   in Product Competition,”  Strate-   50.  M. Conlin, “Home Offices:  The   Message to  Yahoo Employees,”
                    March 18, 2002, 40–41;  W. F.   gic Management Journal vol. 16   New Math,” BusinessWeek, March   www.workforce.com,  February
                    Cascio, “Managing a  Virtual   (1995): 135–59.       9, 2009, 66–68.            26,  2013;  C.  C.  Miller  and  C.
                    Workplace,”  Academy of Man-   41.  C. Hymowitz, “Have Advice, Will    51.  Ibid.  Rampell, “Yahoo Orders Home
                    agement Executive, August 2000,   Travel,” Wall Street Journal, June    52.  J. Marquez, “Connecting a Virtual   Workers Back to the Office,” New
                    81–90; G. G. Dess, A. M. A. Ra-  5, 2006, B1+.       Workforce.”                York Times  Online, February 25,
                    sheed, K. J. McLaughlin, and R.    42.  S. Reed,  A. Reinhardt, and    53.  S. Jayson, “Working at Home:   2013; and K. Swisher, “‘Physical-
                    L. Priem, “The New Corporate   A. Sains, “Saving Ericsson,”   Family-Friendly,”  USA Today,   ly  Together’:  Here’s  the  Internal
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