Page 15 - Makino,Tsutusi.DictionaryOfIntermediateJGrammar

GRAMMATICAL TERMS
Dependent Noun A noun which must be preceded by a modifier, as in (a)
and (b).
h t t b*CLtrr
(a) A: s~ El EElWL&G=&i 7% CJTT&
(Are you going to meet Prof. Tanaka tomorrow?)
B: bib\, +D%5clTt0
(Yes, I am.)

(b) 47F4Cil-k~~~9~b~b~b~f?,
(I expect that Sandra knows Tom.)

Direct Object The direct object of a verb is the direct recipient of an
action represented by the verb. It can be animate or inanimate. An animate
direct object is the direct experiencer of some action (as in (a) and (b) below).
An inanimate direct object is typically something which is created, exchanged
or worked on, in short, the recipient of the action of the verb (as in (c), (d) and
(e) below).
*L CBtLC.. *(*V
(a) LLlU%&biS4Bk<d3.bb0
(Prof. Yamaguchi often praises his students.)
Wrjhi
(b) $.&?I ti-BBfZl Lf:,
(Kaori deceived Ichiro.)

(c) %~i*%?&b\f;,
(I wrote a book.)
(d) -&libi&r?I CcX2J-79-??7L,
(Ichiro gave a scarf to Midori.)
(e) W'%i$iV ~&b\j:,
(I kept the door open.)

Although direct objects are marked by the particle o, nouns or noun phrases
marked by o are not always direct objects, as shown in (f) and (g).
(+02 (DBJG: 349-51); o4 (DBJG: 352-54)
fwdr( E*'IC< khi
A
(f) E*ii--&lia>~~ qEf tv2,
(Hanako was glad that Ichiro entered college.)