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‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺸﻔﺔ ﻍﺑﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻓﺪﻳﻦ‬

‫ﻭﻳﺒﺪﻭ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﺗﺨﺬ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻬﺎﺩﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺗﺰﺍﻳﺪ ﻧﻔﻮﺫ ﺍﻷﺷﻮﺭﻳﻴﻦ ﻭﺗﻤﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻄﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻟﺒﺚ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺖﺤﺒﺻ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ ﻍ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﺍﻵﺷﻮﺭﻱ‬

‫ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ‪ ).٠‬ﺧﺎﺿﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻜﻢ ﺍﻵﺷﻮﺭﻱ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺎﺤﻨﺳﺭﺐﻳﻭﻳﻘﺮﺃ »ﻦﺳ ﺁ(ﺧﻲ ﺍﻳﺮﺏ‪)b(i7r0eih4an6is81 ،‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﺍﻷﺷﻮﺭﻱ‪ 2‬ﺃﺣﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎﺗﻪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻄﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﺎﺑﻞ ﻭﺩﻣﺮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﺰﻡ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﻢ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻤﻠﻜﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻤﺪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺇﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻭﻓﺪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻠﻚ ﻣﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ ﻳﺨﻴﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﻀﻮﻉ ﻷﺷﻮﺭ‬

‫ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺮﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺮﺍﻑ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺳﻨﺤﺎﺭﻳﺐ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺭﺳﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ‬

‫ﺛﻤﻴﻨﺔ'!‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻀﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﺳﺤﺎﺭﻳﺐ‪ 2‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎﺗﻪ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻏﺒﺎﺭ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺪ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ ﻓﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻤﻮﻧﻴﻮﻥ ﻓﺨﺎﻓﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺒﺮﻭﺕ ﺍﻷﺷﻮﺭﻳﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﺤﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻮﺯ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﺭﺳﻠﻮﺍ ﺻﻨﺎﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻗﻠﻴﻤﻬﻢ ﻣﻊ‬

‫ﻋﺮﺑﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺱ ﻭﺃﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻨﻊ ﺳﻜﺎﻥﺑﻻﺩﻫﻢ‪.2‬‬
‫‪ 2‬ﺍﻟﻌﻻﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ ﻭﺑﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻓﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻻﻝ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ‪ 2‬ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺆﻛﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﻭﺻﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺭﻙ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺮﻭﺏ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﻛﺪﻳﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻷﺷﻮﺭﻳﻴﻦ ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻖﻃ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻭﻣﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺧﺎﺹ‪،‬‬
‫ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻋﻻﻗﺎﺕ ﺳﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺘﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﺗﻌﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻻﻗﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺪﺓ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﺿﺢ ﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻻﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﺤﻜﺎﻡﺑﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻓﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻊ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻧﺠﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻣﺮﻳﻴﻦ ‪ 2‬ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻣﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ(ﺮﺼﻋ ﺃﻭﺭ‪ .‬ﻧﻤﻮ ﻭﻛﻮﺩﻳﺎ) ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻋﺼﺮ ﺳﻻﻟﺔ ﺑﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﺛﻢ ﺃﻭﺍﺧﺮ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻭﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺷﻮﺭﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻄﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﺘﺴﻠﺴﻞ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻻﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥﻭﺑﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻓﺪﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻵﺗﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺃ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻣﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻢ ‪٤‬‬

‫ﺃﻱ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﻻﻗﺎﺕ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﺰﺩﻫﺮﺓ ﺓ ﺿﻞ ﺣﻜﻢ »ﻮﺟﺩﺎ(ﻳ‪ 14 2،‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ‪2112).‬‬

‫ﺳﻴﺎﺩﺓ »ﺍﻮﺠﻟﻦﻴﻴﺗ« ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻮﻓﺮﺕ‪ 2‬ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﻏﺰﺍﺭﺓ ‪ 2‬ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﻀﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ ﺃﻭﻣﻦ ﺧﻻﻟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﻧﺺ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻤﺜﺎﻝ »ﻮﺟﺩﺎﻳ« ﺭﻗﻢ (‪ )D‬ﻧﻘﺘﺒﺲ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻷﺳﻄﺮ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‪.2‬‬

‫‪I.‬ﻮﺟ‪I‬ﺍﺩ‪ 1‬ﻲﻠﻋ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‪ .‬ﻣﻰ‪562.‬‬
‫‪ ' 112‬ﻣ‪٠‬ﻤﺮ ﻮﻳﻒ‪٠‬ﺳ ﻪﻠﻃ‪ ،‬ﺍﺎﺸﺘﻛ ‪٠‬ﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ ‪.‬ﻱ ﺩﻭﺔﻟ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺩﺭﺍﺎﺳﺕ ﺍﻊﻴﻠﺨﻟ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﺔﻴﺨﻳ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻰﻐﻣﺮﺍﻴﻓ‪.‬ﺔ‪230. 1989،‬‬

‫‪.‬ﻡ‪113 . Barton G.A (1929) Tge Royal lnscription of Sumer and Akkad, New haven. 191.‬‬

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