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‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺸﻔﺔﺑﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻓﺪﻳﻦ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﺟﻮﺍﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ‪ :‬ﺇﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﻢ ﺗﻤﻨﺤﻬﻢ ﺃﻣﻄﺎ ًﺭﺍ ﻭﺍﻓﺮﺓ ﺗﻤﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻦﺍﺳﺘﻐﻻﻝ‬

‫ﺃﺭﺿﻬﻢ ﻭﻟﻢ ﺗﻌﻄﻬﻢ ﺃﻧﻬﺎﺭﺍ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ أﻃﻠﻳﺔ ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪﻫﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺸﻮﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕﻭﻣﺼﺮ‪ .01!،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻦ ‪ 2‬ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺛﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻃﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻞ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ ﺞﻴﻠﺨﻠﻟ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺻﻌﻮﺑﺔ ﻍ ﻗﻴﺎﻡ ﺣﻜﻢ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻱ ‪ 2‬ﺃﻳﺪﻱ ﻣﻠﻮﻙ ﺃﻗﻮﻳﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻭﻝ‬

‫ﻭﺇﻣﺒﺮﺍأﻃﺭﺎﻳﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺻﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﻜﻢ ﻣﺪﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﺟﻌﻠﻬﻢ ﻋﺮﺿﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺰﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻀﻠﻮﺍ‬

‫ﺩﻓﻊ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ ﺑﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻣﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺎ‪ 2‬ﻋﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺍﺔﻷﻛﺪﻳﺔ‪.201‬‬

‫ﻭﻟﻮﻻ ﺗﻌﺎﻇﻢ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺎﺕﺑﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻓﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﻀﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻧﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺠﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ ﻗﻮﺓ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺎﻓﺴﺔ ﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪،‬ﻷﺻﺒﺤﺖ ﻣﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ ﺑﺤﻜﻢ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﻫﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔﻻ ﺗﻘﻞ ﺷﺎﻧﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻤﺎﻟﻚ‬

‫ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺑﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻓﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻔﺖ ﺮﻈﻨﻠﻟ‪ 2‬ﺍﻟﻌﻻﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻤﺎﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ ﻭﺣﻜﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻻﻝ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺇﻧﻪ ﺧﻻﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻷﻛﺪﻱ‬

‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺞ ﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺃﻛﺪ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻳﺔ ‪ 2‬ﻓﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻄﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺳﻤﻮﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﺾ ﺃﻭ‬

‫‪،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻔﻴﺪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ »ﺎﺗﻢﺘﻣ)ﺷﺎﺑﻠﻴﺘﻢ«‪tim atm Sabelitu(m‬‬

‫»ﺎﻤﻋﻥ« (ﺎﺠﻣﻥ) ﻭ«ﺍﺮﺤﺒﻟﻦﻳ (ﺩﻮﻤﻟﻥ) ﻟﻢ ﺗﻜﻦ ﺧﺎﺿﻌﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺃﻛﺪ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻻ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﺗﺮﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﺮﺭﺓ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻠﻚ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻮﻙ ﺳﻻﻟﺔ ﺃﻛﺪ ﻑﺣﻤﻻﺗﻬﺍﻢﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻳﺔ‪.301‬‬

‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﺗﻌﺮﺿﺖ ﻣﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺃﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻚ »ﻮﻟﺎﺟﻝ‬

‫ﻕ‪،‬ﻡ)‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﻋﺼﺮ »ﺮﺳﻥﻮﺟ ﺍﻻﻛﺪﻱ« ﻭﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﺳﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﻴﺰﻱ‪)i(e2aglag 3u7l1 2400 (،‬‬
‫ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ)‪ .‬ﻓﻤﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻴﻦ(‪).iknuSar(r 2371 2316‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺸﻴﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺧﻻﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺠﺰﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﻬﺎ »ﺮﺳﻥﻮﺟ ﺍﻷﻛﺪﻱ« ‪ 2‬ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻱ‬
‫ﺧﻻﻝ ﺣﻜﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺩﺍﻡ ‪ 55‬ﻋﺎﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﺘﺒﺲ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺨﺺ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ‪:‬‬

‫»ﻭأﻔﻃ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺑﻠﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺛﻻﺙ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻮﻟﺖ ﻳﺪﺍﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ »ﺩﻥﻮﻤﻟ‪ ،،‬ﻓﺄﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﻣﻦ‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪﻱ‪ ....‬ﻭﻳﻄﻮﻑ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺑﻠﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﺛﻻﺙ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺴﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﻮﻟﻲ ﻳﺪﺍﻩ ﻋﻠ ﺩﻰﻟﻤﻮﻥ‪.401،‬‬

‫ﻳﺸﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ﺑﻮﺿﻮﺡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺳﺮﺟﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻛﺪﻱ ﻗﺪ ﺣﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﻻﺩ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺛﻻﺙ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ 10I.‬ﺟﻮﺍﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ‪ .‬ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‪ .‬ﻣﺮ‪569.‬‬
‫‪ . 102‬ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ‪-.‬ﺱ‪569.568‬‬

‫‪ 103‬ﻗﺼﻲ ﻣﻨ ﺍﻟﺼﺜﻮﺮﺭﻛﻲ‪ )4102(.‬ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‪ .‬ﺱ‪6.‬‬
‫‪. 104‬ﻓﺎﺿﻞ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻲﻠﻋ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻛﺪﻳﻮﻥ ﻻﻃﻊﺋ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺒﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﺠﻠﺔ ﺃﻓﺎﻕ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ‪ 5،‬ﻟﺴﻨ‪.‬ﺔ‪ 1980‬ﺑﻨﺪﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻋﻻﻡ‪. ،‬ﻡ‪258‬‬

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