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‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺸﻔﺔ ﻍﺑﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻓﺪﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻝ‬

‫ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻇﻔﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻴﻤﻴﻦ ﻍ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ »ﺍﺮﺤﺒﻟﻦﻳ« ﻛﻤﺴﺆﻟﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻨﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻞ ﺟﺪﺍ‬
‫ﺃﻧﻬﻢ ﻳﺸﺮﻓﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺤﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﻣﻬﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﻘﺘﺒﺲ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ﺍﻷﺳﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺈﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﻌﻮﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻜﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﻇﻔﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻪﻌﻣ‪2‬‬

‫‪,‬ﻭﺯﻯﺝ‪ g‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻖ ﺩ ﻭﺃﻭﺩ ‪(-‬ﺩﻣﻮﺯﻳ‪،‬ﻪ‪U‬أ‪ ،)iauuDr‬ﺍﻟﺒﻌﻮﺙ ﺍﻟﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻮﺟ(ﻲ ‪ ،ruIgi‬ﻧﺼﻒ ﻣﻜﻴﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻖ ﻷﺛﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻇﻔﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻴﻤﻴﻦ ﻍ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ‬

‫( ‪{)nDilmu‬ﺍ" ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺗﺰﺧﺮ ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻭﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻻﺩ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﺎﻡ ﺻﻻﺕ‬

‫ﻭﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﻋﻻﻗﺎﺕ ﻃﻴﺒﺔ ﺳﺎﻫﻢ ‪ 2‬ﺗﺪﻋﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﻣﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻚ »ﻭﺭﺩ‪ -‬ﻦﻴﺳ«‬

‫ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ‪ ).‬ﺑﺘﺸﻴﻴﺪ ﻣﻌﺒﺪ ﻍ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ »ﺃﻭﺭ« ﺃﻖﻠﻃ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ »ﺪﺒﻌﻣ‬ ‫‪)n(i1S8-2da3raW1834‬‬

‫ﺔﻳﻭﻣﻋﺮﻟﺸﺴﺘﺎﻮﺍﺭ‪(Istar) ،‬‬ ‫ﺩ«ﻮﻤﻟﻥ)‪ (E,-Tilmun-Na‬ﺧ ﻟﺼﻹﻟﻬﺔ »ﺇﺎﺺﻧﻧﺎ‪(Inanna) ،‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﻛﺪﻳﺔ‪.6‬‬

‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻤﻮﻧﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺎﻫﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻌﺎﺑﺪ ﺍﻵﻟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻴﺔ ﺑﻜﻞ ﺷﻜﺮ ﻭﺍﻣﺘﻨﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺪﻝ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﺎﻡ ﺭﺣﻻﺕ ﻓﻜﺮﻳﺔ ﻧﺠﻤﺖ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺻﻻﺕ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻃﻴﺒﺔ ﺗﺮﺑﻂ ﺑﻴﻦ »ﺃﻭﺭ« ﻭ«ﺩﻮﻤﻟﻥ« ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺕ‬

‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺎﻨﻣﻖﻃ ﺃﻋﺎﻟﻲ »ﺍﺮﻔﻟﺍﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺑﻻﺩ »ﻮﺳﺮﻣ ﻭﺍﻛﺪ«‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻻﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﻀﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ »ﺩﻮﻤﻟﻥ« ﻭﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭﻳﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺷﻐﻠﺖ ﺣﻘﺒﺔ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺕ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻗﻤﺮﻭﺴﺔﻥ(‪0502‬‬
‫‪ 1530‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ)‪.‬‬

‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﺍﻧﻌﻜﺲ ﺗﺤﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻻﻗﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥﻭﺑﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻓﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﺗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﻄﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺍﻗﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻧﺎﺱ‬
‫ﻣﻦ »ﺩﻥﻮﻤﻟ« ﺳﺎﻓﺮﻭﺍ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪2‬ﺑﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻓﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺑﺪ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻧﻘﺮﺃً ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺳﻤﺘﻬﻢ ﻧﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻢ »ﺎﻣﺭ‪(-‬ﺷﺒﺮ‪M‬ﻡ‪ )mirpr-i a،‬ﺃﻱ »ﺭﻞﺳ«‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﺍﻷﻋﻮﺍﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻻﺣﻘﺔ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺜﻞﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻞ ﻳﺄﻮﺗﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺪﻥ ﻭﻣﻤﺎﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﻳﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻬﺪﺍﻳﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻮﻙ ﺗﻜﺮﻳﻤﺎ ﻟﻬﻢ ﻭﻟﺪﻳﻤﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻻﻗﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﻭﻟﻬﻢ ﻭﺩﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻥ‪ 2‬ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ@!‪.1‬‬

‫‪-‬ﻡ‪115 .PiesingerC.M (1983)Op. Cit. 645646.‬‬ ‫‪ I16‬ﺎﻴﻫ‪ ٠‬ﻋﻠﻲ ﺟﺎﺳﻢ ﺁﻝ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ‪ .‬ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‪ ،‬ﻩ ‪188.‬‬
‫‪ . 117‬ﺭﻓﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪ ‪ 173‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻤﺪﻫﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻲﺼﺣ‪.‬‬
‫‪.I8‬ﻲ‪1‬ﺼﻗ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ‪ ،‬ﺪﺼﻣﺭ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‪ .‬ﻡ ‪21.‬‬