Page 62 - DILMUN 24

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺸﻔﺔ ﻍ ﺑﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻓﺪﻳﻦ‬

‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﻊ ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺗﺄﺲﻴﺳ ﺳﻻﻟﺔ ﺑﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺜﺔ؟!‪ 539 625 ( ،‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ‪ )٠‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻻﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻧﻴﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻧﺠﺎﺧﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻍ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻠﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻊ ﻣﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ ﻣﻤﻦ ﺳﺒﻘﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻛﺪﻳﻴﻦ ﻭﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻷﺷﻮﺭﻳﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻤﻮﻧﻴﻴﻦ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﺃﺻﺒﺤﻮﺍ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻄﻴﻦ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺃﻭﺛﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﺪﺍﻦﻴﻴﻧ‪ ،‬ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺧﺬﻧﺎ ﺑﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻻﺎﺒﺘﻋﺭ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ ﻗﺪ ﺍﺪﺘﻣﺕ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺎﻩ »ﺎﻜﻠﻴﻓ‪ ،9،‬ﻭﺪﻗ ﺪﺑﺃ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺭﺍﻲﺿ »ﺩﻮﻤﻟﻥ« ﻭ«ﺖﻴﺑ ﺃﺎﻳﻦﻴﻛﻰﺇﻟ‪(Bit.lakin) ،‬‬
‫ﺎﺸﺗﺖﻜﺑ ﻭﺗﺪﺍﺧﻠﺖ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺟﺰﺋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻻﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻘﻴﺛﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻣﺆﺷﺮ‪ 2‬ﺃﺮﺜﻛ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻢﻫ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻤﻜﻦﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﻪﻴﻟ ﺗﺤﺎﻟﻔﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺿﺪﺍﻷﻮﺷﺭﻦﻴﻳ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻤﺎﻝ‬

‫ﺑﻻ ﺍﺩﻟﺮﺍﻓﺪﻳﻦ!‪.21‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﻊﻨﻘﻤﻟﻟﻠﻌﻻﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺒﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻤﺎﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞﻭﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﻣﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥﻭﺍﻟﺴﻻﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﺋﺰ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﺴﺤﺐ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻈﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻟﺪﻭﻳﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺮﻣﻳﺔ ﻍ ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ‪ -‬ﻫﻮ ﺃﻥ »ﺍﺪﻠﻜﻟﺍﻦﻴﻴﻧ ﺗﻜﻮﻧﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﻻﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻑ ﻟﻠﺴﻮﻣﺮﻳﻴﻦ ‪ 2‬ﻋﺼﻮﺭﻫﻢﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﺣﺘﻔﻈﺖ ﺑﺮﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻭﻘﻴﺛﺔ ﻗﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﺸﺮﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻴﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻲﺑ ﻟﻠﺨﻠﻴﺞ ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﺎﻨﺤﺟ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﻟﻜﻻ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﻦ (ﺃﻱ‬
‫ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ)‪ .‬ﻭ‪ 2‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻝ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻻﺣﻆ ﺍﻴﻤﺴﺘﻟﺔ(»ﺎﻧﻮ‪n‬ﺑﻩ‪ ،)uba‬ﻭﻫﻮ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺑﻠﻲﻹﻟﻪ »ﺩﻮﻤﻟﻥ« ﻭﻧﺼﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﻰﻤﺴﻤﻟ »ﺇ(ﺰﻧﺍ‪i‬ﻙ‪ . )kan،‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﻣﻠﻮﻙ ﺳﻻﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﺜﻳﺔ ﻭﺷﺨﺼﻴﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ‪ 2‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺃﺳﻤﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ »ﺎﻧﻮﺑ« ﻣﺜﻞ »ﺎﻧﻮﺑﺑﻮﻻﺿﺮ‪،‬‬
‫‪ ،)rassalap-obaN‬ﻧﺎﺑﻮ ﺁﺑﺎﻝ‪ -‬ﺃﻭﺮﺻ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻲﻧ‪ ،)ubanplal-ulsur («،‬ﻭﺳﻨﺎﺑﻮﻧﺎﺋﻴﺪﻩ‬
‫(‪ ،)dnai ub- an‬ﻧ(ﺎﺑﻮﺑﻴﻞ ﺷﻮﻣﺎﺗ‪aN‬ﻲ« ‪ ،)euSm-laet bbu-‬ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮﺓ‪ ،2‬ﻣﻘﺎ ﺗﺆﻛﺪ‬

‫ﺍﻻﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻠﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﻲﻗ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺋﺪﺍ ‪ 2‬ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ ﺍﺎﺨﻟﺭﺔﻴﺟ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ ﻛﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻮﻘﻟﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺘﺤﻜﻢ ‪ 2‬ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ ‪2‬‬
‫ﺮﻃﺎﻬﻘﻳ ﺇﻰﻟ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺎﺑﻂﺒﻀﻟ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻻﻧﻄﺒﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﻋﻄﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻭﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﻥ‬

‫ﺍﺪﻴﻔﻤﻟ ﺃﻥ ﺬﻧﺮﻛ ﻋﻻﻗﺘﻪ ﺬﻫﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻻﻟﺔ ﺎﻜﺴﺑﻥ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻲﺑ ﻓﻤﻦ ﺍﺮﻤﻟﺢﺟ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻌﻜﺲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﺭﻮﻌﺸﻟ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﺍﺎﺒﺘﻤﻟﺩﻝ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺷﻌﻮﺏ ﻭﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻦﻴﺘﻘﻠﻄﻨﻤﻟ‬ ‫]ﻣﻦ‪I9‬‬

‫ﺕ‪.‬ﻡ) ﻭﻫﻮﻛﻠﺪﺍﻧﻲ‪ .‬ﺪﺑ ﻭﺍًﺧﻠﻴﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﺎﻤﻟﺔﻣ ﺎﺤﻛﻢﻛﻻﺒﻟﺩ‬ ‫ﺥ ﺍﻮﻬﻌﻟﺩﺍﻮﺴﻟﺮﻣﻳﺔ ﺍﺪﻘﻟﺔﻤﻳ ﻭﺍﺪﺤﻟﺜﻳﺔ‪ ٠‬ﻭ‪5‬ﻣﺆ‪2‬ﺳ‪6‬ﺲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻻ(ﺴﻟﻟﺔ ﻮﻫ‪-.‬ﻧﺒﻮﺑﻻ‪N‬ﺻ‪a‬ﺮ‪as) s(a6l0o5bob,‬‬

‫ﺍﺮﺤﺒﻟ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺪﻋﻰ ﺬﻫﻩﺍﻻﺴﻟﺔﻟ ﺃﻳﻀﺎﺎﻳﻻﻟﺔﻟ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺔﺜﻟﻻﺒﻟﺩ ﺍﺮﺤﺒﻟ ﺃﻭﺳﻻﻟﺔ ﺍﺪﻠﻜﻟﺍﻦﻴﻴﻧ‪ ،‬ﻭﺮﻋﺖﻓ ﺑﺎﺳﻢﺳﻻﻟﺖﻴﺔﺑ‪ ٠‬ﺃﺎﺑ‪.‬ﻦﻴﻛﻭ& ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻭﺔ‪٠‬ﻔﻠﻟ ﺍﺎﺒﻟﻴ)ﻠﺑﺔ(‪tiBIagin‬‬

‫ﻭﺪﺣﺎﻫﺩ ﺍﺎﻴﺴﻟﺔﻴﺳ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗﺼﻰﻮﻨﺟﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻕ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺪﺸﻣﺍﺩ ﺍﺎﺴﻟﻞﺣ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻲﻗ ﺮﻤﻠﻟﺔﻴﺑ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﺔﻳ‪ .‬ﻭﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺮﻟﻢﻏ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺼﺮ ﺮﺜﻓﺓ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻠﺔ‪.‬ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻤﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻮﻬﻤﻟﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻗﺔ‬

‫ﺎﺗﺭﻳﺦ ﺣﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﺪﻘﻟﻢﻳ‪ ،‬ﻭﺻﻠﻨﺎ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺪﻌﻟﺪﻳ ﻣﻦﺍﻮﺼﻨﻟﺹ ﺍﺪﻤﻟﻭﺔﻧﻮﺳﺍﺀ ﻛﺎﻧﺖﻻﺠﺳﺕ ﻴﻜﻠﻣﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺭﺳﻤﻴﺔ ﺃﻡ ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖﺎﺧﺻﺔﻛﺎﻟﻤﻘﻮﺩ ﺍﺎﺠﺘﻟﺭﺔﻳﻭﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﺍﺮﻈﻧ‪ .‬ﻃﻠﻪ‬

‫( ﺎﺑﺮ‪1‬ﻗ‪ .)379.‬ﺍﺪﻘﻟﺔﻣ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺎﺳﻖﺑ‪ .‬ﻡ ‪ 545‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﺪﻌﺑﺎﻫ‪.‬‬

‫‪.‬ﻡ‪120 . Piesinger. CM (1983) Op.Cit. 777.‬‬
‫‪121 . Ibid. P776.‬‬

‫‪122. Alnashef.K1986) Tge Deities ofDilmun (BTAA). p.341.‬‬
‫‪123. Piesinger CM 1983)Op.Cit, .77.7‬‬