Page 84 - C:\Users\Abdul Kadir Bagis\Documents\Flip PDF Corporate Edition\Abdul Kadir Bagis, M. Pds\
P. 84
1. The amount of acceptance, approval and affection
shown.
2. The degree to which clear standards of behavior
were promoted and expected.
3. The degree to which discipline and control were
based on explanation rather than force or coercion.
4. The extent to which they invited their children to
express views about family decisions, in effect valuing
the child as a contributor (Emler 2001: 43).
In consideration of the care giving relationship, one can
surmise that the child’s first judgment of self is made at home
where he/she is either nurtured by warm loving parents
who consistently convey their unconditional acceptance of
the child, or where he/she is rejected by cold, hostile, or
disapproving parents (Coopersmith, 1981).
While the accepting parent may express disapproval of
particular deeds the child may have performed or omitted, the
parent’s acceptance of the child himself is unconditional. On
the other hand, lack of affection and attitudes of disapproval
Page 79 of 96
