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TIPS -----------------
• Continuous verb forms of begin, start and continue are always
followed by the infinitive with to : I'm starting to worry about my
- The English verb system 1A II p9
health. not /'m starting worrying about my health.
• We can also say teach somebody how to do sth: • The English verb system has three aspects: simple,
My brother taught me how to drive. continuous and perfect. These aspects refer to how the
speaker sees the event or situation.
• In British English, the verbs love, like, dislike and hate are
usually followed by verb+ing: I love playing tennis. THE SIMPLE ASPECT
• We can also say love/like/dislike/hate somebody doing • We usuaHy use simple verb forms to talk about things that
something: I love people calling me on my birthday. are repeated, permanent or completed.
Present Simple: More people speak English than any other
VERBS WITH DIFFERENT MEANINGS
language. (permanent) He always recommends people use
• stop + verb+ing = stop something that you were doing:
Globish. (repeated)
He says we have to stop thinking this way.
Past Simple: We visited one acting class. (completed)
• stop + infinitive with to = stop doing one thing in order to
do something else: Have you ever stopped to consider how THE CONTINUOUS ASPECT
stressful school life is? • We usually use continuous verb forms to talk about things
• remember + verb+ing = remember something that you did that are in progress, temporary or unfinished.
before: I remember spending hours in exam rooms. Present Continuous: The way people study English is also
changing. (temporary)
• remember + infinitive with to = make a mental note to do
something in the future: We should remember to see them as Past Continuous: A student was pretending to be the film
individuals. star Orlando Bloom. (in progress)
• try + verb+ing =do something in order to solve a problem: Present Perfect Continuous: The government has been
Try googling the biographies of young entrepreneurs. · building English immersion schools ... (unfinished)
• try + infinitive with to = make an effort to do something THE PERFECT ASPECT
difficult: We should try to create new learning environments. • We usually use perfect verb forms to talk about things
• Look at these pictures. Notice the difference in meaning that connect two different time periods (the past and the
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between the verb forms in bold. present, etc.).
Present Perfect Simple: English has become the
dominant language of international business.
Past Perfect Simple: A recent report suggested that the
number of non-native speakers had already reached 2 billion.
THE PASSIVE
f • We usually use passive verb forms when we focus on what .
(
happens to somebody or something rather than who or what
She remembered to She remembered
does the action.
post the letter. posting the letter.
Present Simple Passive: About 75% of the world's
correspondence is written in English.
Past Simple Passive: English was chosen as the working
language of the Japanese, French and Czech staff.
ACTIVITY AND STATE VERBS
• Activity verbs talk about activities and actions (learn, change,
run, play, hit, lose, etc.): These new English speakers aren't
He stopped to read He stopped reading
just using the language - they're changing it.
the notice. the notice (to talk to
his friend). • State verbs talk about states, feelings and opinions (need,
seem, know, remember, love, want, etc.): Nerriere believes
that the future of English belongs to non-native speakers.
• We don't usually use state verbs in continuous verb forms:
It seems that the answer is difficult to predict. not f.t!.s--
seeming that the anmver is difficult to predict.
• Other common state verbs are: have got, hear, believe,
He's trying to lose 1 O kilos. "I've got a terrible headache." agree, forget, mean, understand, like, hate, prefer, belong,
"Try taking some painkillers." own and cost.
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