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journal (A la individualized learning plan). She then started her writing

development plan through an online platform with blogs. She learned how

to write a good text with other friends through blogs. After conducting an

online writing platform for a month, they held an offline meeting to share

their writing and give feedback

d) Flex Model

The flex model is a technology-based learning model where students

access material online in physical classes. At the same time, the teacher

acts as a facilitator through discussion forums and works on projects in

groups. The teacher also acts as a tutor to help students with learning

problems online. The Flex model organized by (Mabuan & Ebron, 2016)

uses e-mail to facilitate students' writing skills for one semester. Students

developed their writing skills by sending questions and discussing them in

written forms in pairs. The teacher did not provide specific guidance on

the number of words to be written and the paragraph writing structure,

instead asking students to write their comments freely to his pair. This

study indicates that the email-assisted flex model can improve writing

skills, allow collaboration and interaction with a peer, and foster learners'

autonomy.

Among the aforementioned blended models, this study implemented a

flipped classroom. The Flipped classroom is a learning model in which, before

studying in class, students learn the material first at home according to the

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