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2.2 Jurisdiction may also be exercised, when no other forum is reasonably

available, on the basis of:

2.2.1 Presence or nationality of the defendant in the forum state; or

2.2.2 Presence in the forum state of the defendantûs property, whether
or not the dispute relates to the property, but the courtûs

authority should be limited to the property or its value.

Ú.Ú À“°ª√“»®“°√—∞Õ◊Ëπ∑’ËÕ“®¥”‡π‘π°√–∫«πæ‘®“√≥“‰¥â‚¥¬¡’‡ÀμÿÕ—π ¡§«√ ‡¢μÕ”π“®»“≈

Õ“®„™â‰¥â¥â«¬∫πæ◊Èπ∞“π¢Õß°“√∑’Ë

Ú.Ú.Ò ®”‡≈¬¡’ —≠™“μ‘À√◊ÕÕ¬Ÿà„π√—∞´÷Ë߇ªìπ∑’Ë¥”‡π‘π°√–∫«πæ‘®“√≥“

Ú.Ú.Ú ®”‡≈¬¡’∑√—æ¬å ‘πÕ¬Ÿà„π√—∞´÷Ë߇ªìπ∑’Ë¥”‡π‘π°√–∫«πæ‘®“√≥“ ‰¡à«à“¢âÕæ‘æ“∑
®–‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫∑√—æ¬å ‘ππ—ÈπÀ√◊Õ‰¡à ·μàÕ”π“®¢Õß»“≈§«√®”°—¥·μà‡©æ“–

μàÕ∑√—æ¬å ‘πÀ√◊Õ¡Ÿ≈§à“¢Õß∑√—æ¬å ‘ππ—Èπ

‡¢μÕ”π“®»“≈„π à«πμàÕ¡“‡ªìπ°√≥’∑’Ë欓¬“¡®–«“ßÀ≈—°°“√«à“„π°√≥’∑’Ë°”Àπ¥

»“≈Õ“®„™âÕ”π“®æ‘®“√≥“æ‘æ“°…“„𧥒≈—°…≥–π’È À“°‰¡àª√“°Ø«à“¡’»“≈Õ◊Ëπ∑’Ë¡’Õ”π“®

æ‘®“√≥“æ‘æ“°…“§¥’‡À≈à“π’ȉ¥â ∑—Èßπ’È°Á‡æ√“–À“°¡’§«“¡‡¥◊Õ¥√âÕπ‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ ª√–™“™π¬àÕ¡

¡’ ‘∑∏‘∑’Ë®–‡¢â“∂÷ߧ«“¡¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡ (access to justice) ·≈–μâÕß¡’»“≈∑’Ë®–‡ªìπ∑’Ëæ÷Ëß ÿ¥∑⓬
‰«â‡ ¡Õ À≈—°°“√¥—ß°≈à“«π’ȇ√’¬°«à“‡ªìπ ç ∂“π∑’Ë¥”‡π‘π°√–∫«πæ‘®“√≥“¥â«¬‡Àμÿ®”‡ªìπ
(ˆ)
(forum necessitatis)é ·μà¥â«¬‡Àμÿ∑’˧«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß√—∞∑’Ë¡’°“√¥”‡π‘𧥒¡“øÑÕß°—∫

¢âÕæ‘æ“∑∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ ¡’πâÕ¬®π·∑∫®–‰¡à¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å —°‡∑à“„¥ ®÷߉¥â°”Àπ¥„À⻓≈¡’Õ”π“®
æ‘®“√≥“æ‘æ“°…“‡©æ“–°√≥’∑’Ë®”‡≈¬¡’ —≠™“μ‘¢Õß√—∞π—Èπ ·¡â«à“„𧫓¡‡ªìπ®√‘ß®–‰¡à

ª√“°Ø«à“¡’¿Ÿ¡‘≈”‡π“À√◊Õ∂‘Ëπ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π√—∞π—Èπ·≈â«°Áμ“¡ ‡æ√“–À“°‡ªìπ°√≥’∑’Ë¡’¿Ÿ¡‘≈”‡π“À√◊Õ∂‘Ëπ

∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π√—∞·≈⫬àÕ¡‡¢â“μ“¡À≈—°‡°≥±å¢âÕ°àÕπÀπâ“π’ȉªμ“¡ª°μ‘ °“√∑’Ë®”‡≈¬ª√“°Øμ—«„π√—∞π—Èπ

(ˆ)
Supra, Note 1, at p. 20.

190 ‡≈à¡∑’Ë Ò ªï∑’Ë ˆ˜