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„À⇪ìπ‰ªμ“¡π‚¬∫“¬¡À“™π (Public Policy) ®”‡≈¬Õ“®®–‰¡àμâÕß√—∫º‘¥°Á‰¥â

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‡ ’¬À“¬∑“߇»√…∞°‘® (Economic Loss) ·≈–„π°√≥’§«“¡‡ ’¬À“¬∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ·°àª√– “∑

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(Nervous Schock) π—Èπ »“≈¡’·π«‚πâ¡∑’Ë®–‰¡à¬Õ¡„Àâ§à“‡ ’¬À“¬ ·≈–·π«‚πâ¡∑”πÕß
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π’ȇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ„π∑ÿ°√–∫∫°ÆÀ¡“¬ ‡æ’¬ß·μà ç‡Àμÿº≈é ∑’Ë„Àâπ—Èπμà“ß°—π Õ¬à“ß„π§”æ‘æ“°…“
Æ’°“©∫—∫π’È»“≈Æ’°“¢Õ߉∑¬‡√“‰¡à¬Õ¡„Àâ§à“‡ ’¬À“¬·°à∫‘¥“‚®∑°åå ‡Àμÿº≈∑’Ë»“≈Æ’°“¢Õß

‰∑¬„Àâ¡’Õ¬Ÿà Õߪ√–°“√§◊Õ

Ò. ‡Àμÿ (cause) °—∫º≈ (effect) Àà“ß°—π‡°‘π‰ª ¥—ß∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“ remoteness of

damageé °ÆÀ¡“¬‰∑¬„™â∑ƒ…Æ’º≈‚¥¬μ√ß (direct consequence test) μ“¡·∫∫
°ÆÀ¡“¬≈–‡¡‘¥¢Õß‚√¡—π∑’˪√“°Ø„π Lex Aquilia »“≈‡ÀÁπ«à“ §«“¡‡ ’¬À“¬∑“ß

‡»√…∞°‘®„π°√≥’‡™àππ’È¡‘„™àº≈‚¥¬μ√ß®“°°“√≈–‡¡‘¥¢Õß®”‡≈¬ ·μà‡ªìπº≈‚¥¬∑“ßÕâÕ¡

(indirect consequence)

Ú. §”øÑÕ߇¢’¬π‰¡à™—¥‡®π«à“∫‘¥“¢ÕߺŸâ∫“¥‡®Á∫øÑÕß„ππ“¡¢Õßμπ‡Õß »“≈

‡ÀÁπ«à“§”øÑÕ߇¢’¬πº‘¥‰ª®“°À≈—°°“√„π°ÆÀ¡“¬«‘∏’æ‘®“√≥“§«“¡·æàß

‡Àμÿº≈∑’Ë»“≈„Àâ∂Ÿ°μâÕßμ“¡°ÆÀ¡“¬∑ÿ°ª√–°“√ ·≈– Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫À≈—°°“√

„π√–∫∫°ÆÀ¡“¬μà“ߪ√–‡∑»¥â«¬ „π∑ÿ°ª√–‡∑»∑’Ë°“√Õÿμ “À°√√¡°”≈—ßæ—≤π“ À√◊Õ
æ—≤𓉪‰°≈·≈â« »“≈¡’·π«‚πâ¡∑’Ë®–≈¥¢Õ∫‡¢μ¢Õߧ«“¡√—∫º‘¥„Àâ·§∫≈ß ·≈–°√–®“¬

Õ—μ√“‡ ’ˬ߿—¬„π°≈ÿà¡™π∑ÿ°√–¥—∫ º≈°“√μ—¥ ‘π®÷ߧ≈⓬°—π∑ÿ°√–∫∫°ÆÀ¡“¬ ‡æ’¬ß·μà

‡Àμÿº≈∑’Ë„Àâ„π§”æ‘æ“°…“π—ÈπÕ“®®–μà“ß°—π‰¥â μ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ„π°ÆÀ¡“¬‡¬Õ√¡—ππ—Èπ »“≈
„Àâ‡Àμÿº≈μà“ß°—∫‡Àμÿº≈¢Õß»“≈‰∑¬ ‡√“πà“®–¡“«‘‡§√“–Àå‡Àμÿº≈¢Õß»“≈‡¬Õ√¡—π¥Ÿ∫â“ß

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J.G. Fleming çThe Collateral Source Rule and Loss Allocation in Tort Lawé.
(1966) 54 California Law Review 1478
(Ùı)
Õ¬à“ß„πÕ—ß°ƒ…π—Èπ„™âπ‚¬∫“¬¡À“™π‡ªìπ‡Àμÿº≈„π°“√∑’Ë®–‰¡à¬Õ¡„Àâ‚®∑°åå‡√’¬°§à“‡ ’¬À“¬®“°
®”‡≈¬„π°√≥’∑’˧«“¡‡ ’¬À“¬∑“߇»√…∞°‘® (Economic Loss) : Spartan Steel v. Martin &
Co. (1973) 1 Q.B. 27 (per Lord Denning, M.R.)