Page 1070 - The Toxicology of Fishes

1050 The Toxicology of Fishes

PAS, 826, 827, 828 copper, and, 32, 405
passive reabsorption, 95 dermal, 123
pathology, 709–711 disturbance of, 405–406
pavement cells, 402, 403 epithelium, 16, 405
PCB 77, 18, 72, 163, 299, 410, 604, 617, 835, 837, gill, 34, 69, 702, 707
839 vs. skin, 16
PCB 81, 835, 837 gut, 117
PCB 105, 44 lanthanum, permeability, and, 405
PCB 126, 299, 509, 604, 613–614, 617, 618, 835, lead, and, 405
836, 837, 838, 839, 840, 846 membrane, 66
PCB 153, 838, 839 phenols, and, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28
PCB 169, 410, 835, 837 skin, 114, 702
2,4,6-PCB-4-OH, 474 zinc, and, 405
pearl dace (Semotilus margarita), stream permethrin, 182, 437, 505, 506, 810, 814
mesocosm study, and, 745 peroxidases, 154, 179, 190, 279, 296, 352
pectoral fin, 422, 439 peroxidation, 194, 292–293, 300, 301, 305, 307,
pelagic environments, 38, 740, 743 371, 372, 468, 544, 563, 690, 694, 703, 706,
pelagic food chains, 19 797, 798, 889
penicillins, 296 peroxide, 158, 192, 194
2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran, 41–42, 376 peroxiredoxin, 283
pentachlorophenol, 24–25, 28, 79, 85–86, 126, peroxisomal proliferator response elements
190, 205, 603, 609, 618 (PPREs), 184, 189, 198, 357
LC values, 24 peroxisomal proliferators, 188, 189, 198, 290, 357
50
pH, and, 24–25 peroxisome proliferation, 373, 549
pentoxyresorufin, 164 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
pentoxyresorufin-O-depentylase, 166 (PPAR), 257, 354, 357–358
peptides, 39, 85, 459, 606 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α
binding of, 463 (PPARα), 357, 358, 363
perch, 162, 208 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β
Perca flavescens, 508; see also yellow perch (PPARβ), 357, 363
Perca fluviatilis, 162, 617, 944–945 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ
P450E in, 162 (PPARγ), 189, 357, 363
bleached kraft pulp mill effluent, and, peroxisomes, 279, 336, 373, 375
944–945 peroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 179
PCBs, and, 617 peroxyl radicals, 276, 285
perchloroethylene, 119 peroxynitrite, 276, 277, 544
perciforms, maturation-inducing hormones in, 461 persistent environmental pollutants, 374, 375,
perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), 405 378, 600, 601, 602, 603
perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), 189 persistent organic pollutants (POPs), 328, 329,
perfluorooctanoic acid, 290 822, 826, 857
perfusion, 65, 67, 68, 78, 79, 82, 108, 110, 405, pertussis toxin, 461
430, 707 pesticides, 129, 134, 176, 178, 182, 188, 190, 196,
pericardial edema, 830, 832, 833, 834 198, 213, 361, 441, 476, 504–507, 558, 601,
peripheral nervous system (PNS), 418, 420, 603, 623, 662, 699, 737, 743, 744, 881, 894,
422–423, 425, 427, 432, 443 947, 978, 983
peritoneal lining, 79 as epigenetic carcinogens, 549
permeability, 108, 111, 401, 410, 702 chlorinated, 602
area, 108, 110 chlorine, 497
ammonia, 21 cross-resistance to, 609
branchial, 403, 405, 406 dissipation of in test systems, 740
cadmium, and, 405 organochlorine, 11, 12, 467, 468, 475, 476,
calcium, and, 405 601, 824, 825
coefficient, 61, 95, 114, 117 tolerance to, 608–609