Page 533 - Veterinary Toxicology, Basic and Clinical Principles, 3rd Edition

500 SECTION | VI Insecticides

VetBooks.ir TABLE 37.2 (Continued)

Oral LD 50 in
Mol. wt.
Chemical
Chemical Name
rabbit (mg/kg)
Rat (mg/kg) Dermal LD 50 in
Phoxim phenylglyoxylonitrile oxime, O,O-diethyl 289.30 1845 1126
phosphorothioate
Profenofos O-(4-bromo-2-chlorophenyl) O-ethyl S-propyl 373.63 400 472
thiophosphate
Propetamphos isopropyl (2E)-3-{[(ethylamino)(methoxy) 281.31 82 2300
phosphorothioyl]oxy}but-2-enoate
Quinalphos O,O-diethyl O-quinoxalin-2-yl thiophosphate 298.30 65 340
Ronnel O,O-dimethyl O-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl) 321.55 1250 2000
thiophosphate
Sulfotepp O,O,O,O-tetraethyl dithiodiphosphate 322.32 5
Sulprofos O-ethyl O-[4-(methylthio)phenyl] S-propyl 322.45 107 820
dithiophosphate
Terbufos S-[(tert-butylthio)methyl] O,O-diethyl 288.43 1.6 1
dithiophosphate
Triazophos O,O-diethyl O-(1-phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl) 313.32 83 280
thiophosphate
Trichlorfon dimethyl (2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl)phosphonate 257.44 630 .2100

CH 3
H C O O CH O
3 3 N CI
O
O O H 3 C P
H C O
3
O S S
– O
O P
S P S CI CI
+ O CH
N O 3
O
CH 3 O CH 3
Malathion Parathion Chlorpyrifos
C
H 3 CH 3 H C
O CH 3 3 O
O N O
P CH O P S
3
S O P O
O N CI H C O CH 3
3
O
C CH
H 3
CH 3 CI 3
S
CH 3
Diazinon Dichlorvos Fenthion
FIGURE 37.2 Chemical structures of commonly used OP pesticides.
nontoxic metabolites. There are some metabolites of A bulk of the metabolic activation and detoxification
CMs that are quite toxic. For example, the two major of OPs and CMs occurs within the liver (Tang et al.,
metabolites (3-hydroxycarbofuran and 3-ketocarbofuran) 2006; Sogorb and Vilanova, 2010; Vacondio et al.,
of carbofuran have a significant impact on overall toxic- 2010; Gupta and Milatovic, 2012). Due to extensive
ity of carbofuran (Gupta, 1994). metabolism of these insecticides in the body, only a few