Page 319 - The Welfare of Cattle

296 the WeLfare of CattLe

In relation to herd size, Pinedo’s study shows a slight increase in removals associated with herd
size, with the lowest death rates in small herds and highest in the largest herds. Hadley’s study shows
an increase in increase in live removals and death rates as herd sizes grew from low to medium and
from medium to high (Figure 25.9).

45
40
35
30
25 Live removals
20 Death
15
10
5
0
1 2 3 4+

Figure 25.6 Percent live removal and % death by parity.
(Source: Pinedo et al. )
11
50
40
30
Pregnant
20 Not pregnant
10

0
Removal Died

Figure 25.7 Percentage removals vs. on-farm death by pregnancy status.
(Source: Pinedo et al. )
11
80

70
Cow 305ME
60 removals
50 Cow 305ME died
40 Herd 305ME
removals
30
Herd 305ME died
20
10
0
Low Med High

Figure 25.8 Percentage removals and died by 305Me production.
(Source: after Pinedo et al. and hadley et al. )
12
11