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Glossary 325

Cyanotic Bluish or grayish color of the skin and mucous DUDE normal Acronym for defecating, urinating, drinking,
membranes and eating normally
Cystitis An infection of the urinary bladder Duodenum First part of the small intestine
Cystocentesis Insertion of a needle and syringe through the Dysplasia Poorly developed or abnormally growing structure
wall of the abdomen and urinary bladder in order to collect a Dystocia Difficult or slow delivery of offspring
sterile urine sample
Ecological niche How an organism or population responds to
Cytology Study of cells the distribution of resources and competitors
Debrided Removal of damaged or dead tissue from a wound Ectoparasite External parasite living on the surface of the
Deciduous tooth A young or “baby” tooth that is shed as the host’s body
animal matures Electrocardiogram (ECG) Graphic record or tracing pro-
Decubitus ulcer Bedsore or ulcer formed from local interfer- duced by an electrocardiograph
ence with circulation; pressure sores occurring over a bony Electrocardiograph Any instrument that records changes of
prominence such as a hip or elbow the electric potential during heartbeats, used to diagnose heart
Defecation The act of expelling feces from the anus disease
Degenerative myopathy Condition or disorder that causes Enamel Thin outer covering of the crown of the tooth, hard-
weakness in the affected muscles est substance in the body
Dehydrated Significant loss of body fluid Encephalomyelitis Literally means an inflammation of the
Dehydration A condition of being dehydrated from loss of fluid brain and spinal cord
Dentin Material that makes up the bulk of a tooth’s structure End The end of a rope that can be freely moved and be
manipulated to tie a knot or hitch
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) The carrier of genetic
information, the main constituent of chromosomes Endocarditis Inflammation of the inside layer of the heart
Dermatitis Inflammation of the skin Endoparasite A parasite that inhabits the internal organs and
tissues of a host
Dermis Vascular layer of skin
Endoscope Fiber optic instrument used for examination of
Devitalized Weaken or dying
areas of the body not easily seen or accessed. There are three
Diabetes mellitus A disease of having too much sugar in the main types of endoscopes: flexible, semi‐rigid, and rigid
blood, caused by a malfunction of the pancreas
Endoscopy Visual examination of the interior structures of
Diarrhea Abnormally watery stool the body with an endoscope
Diastolic The pressure in the arteries when the heart rests Endosteum Vascular lining of the inner cavity of a bone
between beats
Enervate To cut or drain of energy, used to describe cutting a
Dichocephalic Very long head shape, i.e., greyhound nerve
Dilated cardiomyopathy Enlargement of the heart Enzyme A substance produced by glands to act as a catalyst to
Dipping The application of a medicine to treat skin infec- bring about a biochemical reaction
tions or parasites Epidermis Outermost layer of skin
Disinfectant Chemical agent that destroys infectious organisms Epithelial Tissues that comprise the linings and coverings of
Disinfection Reducing the spread of growth of microorgan- the body and its organs
isms on inanimate objects Ethics Rules or principles that govern right conduct; the
Distal Locations on appendages that are far from the point of values and guidelines that govern veterinary practice
attachment or origin Ethylene oxide Gas fumigant used for sterilizing or disinfect-
Distemper Viral disease leading to seizures and tremors ing agent of surgical equipment, has a broad spectrum of
Dolichocephalic A relatively long skull activity
Dominant gene The effect of one allele of one gene masking Euthanasia A painless death or killing of a patient with an
the contribution of the second allele incurable disease or condition
Dorsal Relating to an animal upper surface, moving toward Fascia The outer covering of muscles that cover or bundle
or on the back them
Double haircoat A hair coat consisting of two layers, a dense, Fat‐soluble vitamin A, D, E, and K are vitamins stored in the
thick layer of hair called an undercoat, with long guard hairs adipose tissues in the body
growing through and protruding above the undercoat Feces Waste product of food; all living beings expel digested
Dram Unit of apothecary weight used commonly in pharma- wastes
cology that is equal to an eighth of an ounce or 60 grains Fenestration A square, rectangular, or round opening, in this
Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) US government agency case on a surgical drape
responsible for enforcing controlled substance laws, specific Feral Untamed, term is often used in reference to an animal
rules for ordering, storing, and dispensing medications having escaped from domesticity and running wild