Page 345 - Zoo Animal Learning and Training

Glossary 329

Respirations per minute (rpm) The number of breaths per Tachycardia Rapid heart rate
minute Tachypnea Rapid breathing
Reticulum Second part of the ruminant stomach Telemedicine Using technology to practice medicine at a
Ringworm Highly contagious fungal organism distance
Rostral Directional term for locations on the head toward Tendon Connective tissue that connects muscles to bones
the nose Tertiary Of third rank, top or third layer of a bandage
Rumen First part of the ruminant stomach Testes Male reproductive organs
Ruminant Animal with a four‐compartment stomach Thorascopic Use of small equipment to access the interior of
Saddle thrombus Clot that blocks off circulation to the rear the body
of the animal, often manifests as paralysis in hind limbs Throw When the end is wrapped around another end or the
Scabies Infested with sarcoptic mange mites standing part of the rope being used
Sclera The white part of the eye that surrounds the cornea Thyroid Gland that controls the metabolism
Secondary infection Disease process that occurs after the Tissue maceration Occurs when skin is exposed to moisture
patient is debilitated from another infection or a weakened for a long period of time, skin becomes lighter in color and
immune state wrinkly
Seizure Sudden convulsion caused by an abnormal electrical Trace minerals Includesodium, potassium, phosphorus,
discharge in the brain magnesium, sulfur, calcium, iron, chromium, copper, zinc,
Seroma Swelling from fluid accumulating under the skin iodine, manganese, and selenium
Slough Devitalized or dead tissue that is splitting away from Trachea “Windpipe” that transports air to and from the lungs
the body Tragi Fleshy prominence at the front of the external opening
Species specific Relating to a parasite that can only continue of the ear
its life cycle on a specific species of animal Transplacental In reference to an organism or drug that can
Sperm Male sex cell pass through the placental barrier and into a fetus
Sphincter Ring of muscle that can be contracted to control Tympanic membrane A thick membrane that separates the
flow from a body opening middle ear from the inner ear; it vibrates in response to sound
Spore One‐cell reproductive unit capable of giving rise to a Ungual process The modified toe bone of ungulates that
new individual without sexual reproduction, typically fungi ends in a hoof, claw, or nail
and protozoa Universal precautions The measures to protect from trans-
Sporicidal Disinfectant that destroys spores mission of infection from a patient or the patient’s body fluids
to the handler
Sprain Overstretching of a ligament
Standing part The long end of a rope, attached to animal or Urinary tract infection (UTI) Bacterial infection of the
inanimate object or held still while the end is passed around it urinary bladder
to make a knot or hitch Urinalysis Chemical analysis of urine
Sterilization Procedure to make an inanimate object free Urination Releasing urine
from living microorganisms Urolith Bladder stone
Sternal Body position where the patient is lying on the sternum USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Sternum Long flat bone located in the central part of the (APHIS) Regulates the handling of research animals
chest, connects to the ribs Vaccination Injection of microorganisms that have been ren-
Strain Overstretching, overuse, misuse of muscle dered harmless but will still induce an immune response
Subcutaneous (SQ or SubQ) Beneath the skin Vas deferens The spermatic vessel
Subgingival Directional term for below gingiva Venipuncture The act of acquiring a blood sample from a
Submandibular Beneath the bottom jaw patient
Sulcus Area between free gingiva and tooth Venipuncturist The person taking a blood sample from a patient
Supragingival Part of the tooth not surrounded by gingiva Ventral Directional term referring to the belly side of an animal
Sympathetic nervous system Responds in times of stress, cre- Ventricle One of the lower two chambers of the heart
ating the fight or flight response Venule Small vein
Synapse Space between neurons, where the nerve impulse Vertical ear canal The part of the internal ear canal that runs
passes from one nerve to another parallel to the cheek
Systemic vascular resistance Resistance of blood flow through Vertigo Sudden internal or external spinning sensation, cir-
the vascular system cling caused by infection of the inner ear
Systolic pressure The pressure on the walls of arteries as the Vestibular disease Sudden non‐progressive disturbance of
blood is pumped through them from the heart balance, common in older dogs