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‫ﺗﻘﻮﻳﻢ إﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻺﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻟﻴﻦ ‪ 39‬ﻭ‪.38‬‬

‫‪   .40‬ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻧـﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﺎﺛـﻼﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﻳﻌﻴﺶ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻹﺳـﻔﻨﺞ‬
‫ﻗـﺪ ﻳﺆﺩﻱ ﺳـﻠﻮﻙ ﺇﻳﺜﺎﺭ ﺣﻴـﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻇﻬـﻮﺭ ﺟﻴﻨﺎﺗﻪ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓـﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺰﺭ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺫﻛـﻮﺭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺠـﻮﻡ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔـﺔ‪ :‬ﺃﻟﻔـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻴﺘﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﺎﻣـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻧﺎﺙ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺃﺷـﺒﻪ‬
‫ﺃﺟﻴﺎﻝ ﻻﺣﻘﺔ؟‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﺑﻴﺘﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻞ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﺍﺳـﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ ﺗﻜﺎﺛﺮ‬

‫أﺳﺌﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻨﺪات‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺻﺎﺋـﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤـﺎﺭ ﻃﻴﻮﺭ ﺷـﺎﻃﺌﻴﺔ ﺻﻐﻴـﺮﺓ ﺗﺄﻛﻞ ﺑﻠـﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺻﻔﻪ ﻃﻌﺎ ﹰﻣﺎ ﺭﺋﻴ ﹰﺴـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻳﺒﺬﻝ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋـﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻬﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ‬‫‪‬‬‫‪ ‬‬‫‪‬‬‫‪‬‬

‫ﻓﺘﺢ ﺑﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻷﻛﻠﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .38‬دد‪ ‬ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﺬﻛـﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻳﻤﻜـﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﺳـﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘـﺰﺍﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﺘـﻲ ﺗﺘﻄ ﹼﻠـﺐ ﺗﺠﻨﹼـﺐ ﺫﻛﻮﺭ ﺃﻟﻔـﺎ ﻭﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒـﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻺﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﻵﺗﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻔﻨﺞ ﻟﻠﺘﺰﺍﻭﺝ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺙ؟ ﻓ ﹼﺴﺮ ﺇﺟﺎﺑﺘﻚ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪ .39‬ع‪ّ ‬رف‪ ‬ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﺬﻛـﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﺳـﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗـﺰﺍﻭﺝ ﺗﺘﻀﻤـﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺘـﺎﻝ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺬﻛـﺮ ﺑﺤﺠﻢ ﺃﻟﻔـﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺮﺑﺢ‬
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‫ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ؟ ﻭﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻳﺴ ﹼﻤﻰ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ؟‬
‫‪20‬‬

‫‪15‬‬

‫‪10‬‬

‫‪5‬‬

‫‪0 10 20 30 40 50 60‬‬

‫‪mm‬‬

‫‪ .41‬ﻣﺎ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺑﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻔ ﹼﻀﻠﻪ ﺻﺎﺋﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺭ؟‬
‫‪ .42‬ﺑﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻃﻮﻟﻪ ‪ 10 mm‬ﻫﻮ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﻓ ﹰﺮﺍ‪ .‬ﻛﻮﻥ ﻓﺮﺿﻴ ﹰﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻔ ﹼﺴﺮ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﻻ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﻮﺭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ؟‬
‫‪ .43‬ﻳﻮ ﹼﻓـﺮ ﺑﻠـﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤـﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﹸﺳـﻌﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻛﺒـﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠـﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﺯﺍﺩ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺸـﺮﻳﺔ )ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻧﻘﻴـﻞ( ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺘﺼﻘـﺔ ﺑـﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤـﺎ ﻳﺠﻌـﻞ ﻓﺘﺤﻪ‬
‫ﺃﺻﻌـﺐ‪ .‬ﻛـﻮﻥ ﻓﺮﺿﻴ ﹰﺔ ﺗﻔ ﹼﺴـﺮ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﻟﻤـﺎﺫﺍ ﻻ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻄﻴﻮﺭ ﺑﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ ﺗﺮاﻛﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ .44‬ﺍﺣﺴـﺐ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﻓﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮ￯‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ ﻟﻬﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ‪ 41,900‬ﺟﻮﻝ‬
‫ﹸﺗﻤ ﹼﺜﻞ ‪ 100%‬ﻣﻦ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﺴـﺘﻮ￯ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‪) .‬ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪(1‬‬

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