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MEASURING PERFORMANCE OF COMMUNITY COLLEGES IN K242/52

MALAYSIA USING DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS (DEA) MODELS

PREPARED BY: NOR AFIQAH BINTI RAZALI

SUPERVISOR: MADAM NORFARZIAH BINTI ADNA

ABSTRACT

This project examines the efficiency scores of 13 community colleges in Malaysia using input-oriented CCR and SBM models. Two inputs and two outputs are

determined to measure the performance of the community colleges. The findings show that three out of 13 community colleges are efficient with an efficiency score

equal to 1 using input-oriented CCR model and input-oriented SBM model. Meanwhile, the remaining 10 community colleges are inefficient with efficiency score below

than 1.

OBJECTIVES

PROBLEM STATEMENT METHOD & IMPLEMENTATION

Community colleges in Malaysia are To measure the efficiency score of community

increasingly recognized for providing affordable colleges in Malaysia using CCR model and SBM This study utilizes secondary data sourced

higher education and vital technical and model. from the official website of the Ministry of

vocational training. Despite their growing To compare the efficiency score of community Higher Education (MOHE) Malaysia. The

importance, there is a lack of comprehensive colleges in Malaysia using CCR model and SBM analysis is based on two types of data:

studies evaluating their performance using model. Input data:

advanced efficiency measurement tools. While Number of enrolled students

the DEA method has been widely applied in Number of academic staff

higher education, its specific models are CCR RESULTS & DISCUSSION Output data:

and SBM have rarely been used to assess the Number of graduates

efficiency of Malaysian community colleges. Graduate employment status

Moreover, vocational institutions in the country The Efficiency Scores of Input-Oriented CCR (employment rates)

remain understudied. This gap limits Model and Input-Oriented SBM Model The output data were collected through

understanding of resource allocation and MOHE's Graduate Tracer Study, which tracks

institutional effectiveness in these colleges. graduate outcomes and employment

statistics, categorized by individual

community colleges.

CONCLUSION

To achieve the objective of this study, the efficiency of

13 community colleges in Malaysia was measured

using the CCR and SBM input-oriented DEA models. A

college is considered efficient if its score is equal to 1,

and inefficient if the score is less than 1. Based on the

CCR model, three colleges, Kolej Komuniti Segamat 2,

Kolej Komuniti Pasir Mas, and Kolej Komuniti Tawau

were found to be efficient. The same colleges were

also efficient under the SBM model. The SBM model

provides a more detailed analysis by identifying input

excesses and output shortfalls. The remaining ten

colleges had efficiency scores ranging from 0.0615 to

0.5620, indicating areas where they can improve by MODEl 1: Input-Oriented CCR Model

reducing unnecessary inputs and increasing useful

outputs such as graduate employment.

The analysis found that three community

colleges which are Kolej Komuniti Segamat 2,

RECOMMENDATIONS Pasir Mas, and Tawau were efficient, with an

Use Efficient Colleges as Benchmarks efficiency score of 1 in both the CCR and SBM

Kolej Komuniti Segamat 2, Pasir Mas, and input-oriented models. These colleges had no

Tawau can guide less efficient colleges. input excess and no output shortfall,

Improve Output Performance indicating optimal use of resources. The MODEl 2: Input-Oriented SBM Model

Focus on increasing the number of graduates remaining ten colleges were found to be

and their employability. inefficient, with efficiency scores below 1.

Expand Future Research Both models identified the same efficient and

Assess efficiency in other institutions like inefficient DMUs, but the SBM model offered

private colleges, training centers, and more detailed insight, especially in showing

polytechnics. how much input should be reduced or output

Use advanced DEA models such as the super- increased. These results are valuable for

efficiency model to rank efficient colleges guiding decision-making and resource

and gain deeper insights. optimization in community colleges.