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FEATURE  |  EASTERN HORIZON     49




















































               a) the responsibility of study    Dhamma for the benefit of others   Given the situation today where
               (gantha-dhura), and               as well as to inspire them towards   Buddhism is misrepresented
               b) the responsibility of insight   making personal effort to attain   through false teachings and
               cultivation (vipassana-dhura)     spiritual liberation.             flagrant malpractices, this duty
                                                                                   of study (gantha-dhura) is ever
               If one joins the Sangha in his youth,   In the Anguttara Nikaya and   more essential. This is to ensure
               one would usually take up the     Theragatha commentaries, there    that the Buddha sasana stands
               responsibility of study, and go on to   is a story relating how Upali - after   firm for a long time to come. Only
               cultivation of insight later on (DhA   being ordained and receiving the   through true knowledge and correct
               1:7f, 155). Those who renounce at   subject of meditation from the   understanding of the Dhamma can
               an advanced age would normally    Buddha – wishes to take leave from   one inspire others to right practice
               take up the burden of cultivation.   the Buddha to go into the forest.   and to eliminate misconceptions.
                                                 The Buddha then advises Upali:
               Although one need not take up the                                   Weaknesses in Dhamma Studies
               duty of sutta study (gantha-dhura)   “O bhikkhu, if you reside in the
               to gain enlightenment, nevertheless   forest, you will be able to grow in just   Compared with major Abrahamic
               it is of great benefit when it comes   one duty (dhura), but staying in this   faiths (such as Christianity and
               to Dhamma propagation. The        vicinity, you will fulfil both duties of   Islam) the state of Dhamma Studies
               duty of Dhamma studies therefore   study (gantha-dhura) and insight   in Buddhism is poor. Generally,
               is a matter of choice. Its main   cultivation (vipassana-dhura).    most self-study initiatives or study
               advantage lies in the learner’s   (AA 1:312; Thag A 2:101)          groups are organized on an ad
               ability to disseminate the Buddha                                   hoc basis, without a sustainable
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