Page 90 - Life Insurance underwriting Ebook IC 22

CHAPTER –10

THYROID DISEASES

1.1 Understand the common problems associated with the thyroid
gland and their implication on life insurance underwriting...

1.1 Thyroid gland

The thyroid is a small gland shaped like a butterfly that sits in the lower par, our neck in front of
our windpipe. The function of the gland is to produce hormones. The main hormones released by
the gland are thyroxin (T4) and tri-iodothyrinine.

1.2 Common problems associated with the thyroid gland

Problems associated with the thyroid gland are either caused by abnormal function (over
activity or under-activity) or abnormal growth of the gland.
.
✓Hyperthyroidism; Thyroid over-activity is known as hyperthyroidism

✓ Hypothyroidism: Thyroid under-activity is known as hyperthyroidism.

✓Abnormal growth of the gland may be in the form of a localized swelling or multiple
swelling within the thyroid

1.3 Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism refers to under activity of the thyroid gland. In this condition the thyroid gland
produces less thyroid hormone than normal.

1.4 Main causes of hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism most often occurs due to the failure of the thyroid produces enough thyroid
hormone.

a) Hashirnoto's disease –This is an autoimmune or self-attacking disease.
b) Radioactive iodine treatment
c) Thyroid operation
d) Dedication
e) Sub acute thyroiditis
f) Congenital hypothyroidism

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