Page 120 - rise 2017

inoculum were compared based on structure of Fusarium sp. Then, the cultures were maintained in
PDA media at 4°C before use.

Screening of effective extract
Concentration of 10% of Terminalia catappa leaves water extract was amended in PDA medium
before solidification. The medium without any treatment served as control. The inoculum were
inoculated and the zone diameter of inhibition of mycelia growth was measured for 7 days in room
temperature. The same procedures were repeated to concentration of 15%, 20% and 25% respectively.

Results and Discussion

Table I
Screening of Terminalia catappa leaves water extract on Fusarium sp.
Treatment Inhibitory assay of Terminalia catappa leaves water extract (cm)
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7

T1 0.13 1.00 1.37 2.37 2.57 3.00 3.40
T2 0.13 0.70 1.07 2.07 2.10 2.27 2.33
T3 0.20 0.63 1.10 1.97 2.03 2.13 2.13
T4 0.10 0.57 0.90 1.80 1.87 2.07 2.07
Control 0.13 0.83 1.43 2.57 2.97 3.80 4.23

Replicates = three
T1 = 10%, T2 = 15%, T3 = 20%, T4 = 25%

The antifungal activity of Terminalia catappa leaves water extract was evaluated against
Fusarium sp. Among the four treatment of Terminalia catappa leaves water extract used, T4 (1.33 ±
0.74) showed highest inhibitory potential than other treatments (Table I). The result showed the
diameter of inhibition zone is remained consistent until Day 7. Futhermore, the other treatments of
Terminalia catappa leaves water extract T1 (1.97 ± 1.08), T2 (1.52 ± 0.82) and T3 (1.45 ± 0.74) were
able to inhibit the pathogen in minimum growth compared to control. It showed that, the extract has
potential against the pathogenic fungi.
Based on the previous study, phytochemical screening of Terminalia catappa leaves extract
showed the presence of glycosides, steroids, flavonoid, tannins, phenolic compounds and saponins
[1,8]. The chemical properties were previously reported the effectiveness in inhibit pathogens. The
previous research have been reported hydroalcoholic extracts of Terminalia catappa leaves inhibit the
in vitro growth of Aspergillus fumigatus [5].
The previous study had reported leaves water extract of Terminalia catappa has potential to
use as antibiotic [6]. The study proved that, the extracts were safely consumed by human if apply to
the field. The leaf, bark and fruit of this plant have long been use in folk medicines for antidiarrheic,
antipyretic and haemostatic purpose in India, Phillippines, Malaysia and Indonesia [5].
The finding of the present study is an important step towards sustainable agriculture strategies
because for antifungal activity against pathogenic fungus. Nowadays, agricultural sector was enforced
to practise sustainable agriculture without disturbing the ecosystem. The challenge in agriculture
sector is to increase production while conserving biodiversity and reducing the pressure of natural
resources.

Conclusion
The present study showed Terminalia catappa leaves water extract has higher potential against the
pathogenic fungi (Fusarium sp.). This investigation is an important step in developing plant based
pesticides which are eco-friendly for the management of pathogenic fungi. Further study may be
necessary to develop specific commercial formulation of botanicals fungicide which is not toxic to
human and environment.
References