Page 55 - Proceeding of Atrans Young Researcher's Forum 2019_Neat

“Transportation for A Better Life:
Smart Mobility for Now and Then”

23 August 2019, Bangkok, Thailand

company Vinamilk, from Vietnamese raw materials. - Step 4 – The logistic platform of the
It is a food product whose lifespan is short (about producer or distributor in Vietnam, the two platforms
one month) as in France. Currently, there are two of the producer and the distributor in France.
Vinamilk factories : one in Bac Ninh in the north of - Step 5 - Transport from the last platform to
Vietnam (a province 30 km from Hanoi) and one in the retail outlet.
Binh Duong in south of Vietnam (a province 25km - Step 6 - The retail outlet: hypermarkets,
from Saigon). In this research, we chose the yogurt supermarkets and other types of shops (small factory
supply chain in the North. There are more than 10 or independent shops in Vietnam, neighborhood
provinces that produce milk in North Vietnam, Son minimarket in France).
La, Tuyen Quang, Ha Tay, Ha Nam etc. ; at the - Step 7 - The consumer's journey between
Center of Vietnam in Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Thanh Hoa the retail outlet and his home.
province and from the Central Mountain (Tay The Vietnamese yogurt plant uses 136.5
Nguyen) at the west of Vietnam to Cu Chi, Lam million liters of milk a year, for an annual production
Dong, Binh Duong etc. These provinces supply milk of 91,000 net tons of yogurt. The quantity of milk
to the Vinamilk factories located in industrial parks collected on the 3 state farms is 124 million liters; an
in the north and the south of Vietnam. In the Center additional 12.5 million liters of milk is purchased on
of Vietnam, another company also produces yogurt: the Vietnamese market.
TH Truemilk Company. Dairy products in Vietnam In France, the farms supplying the milk
are made mainly by: Vinamilk (90%), TH Truemilk plant are located within a radius of 100 km around
(7%) and other companies. There are also a few the plant. The vehicles used for milk collection are
imports from Japan, Australia, Germany, France, isothermal (non-refrigerated): trucks with trailers
and the United Kingdom. and semi-trailers. The reference plant uses 149
In this research, we are interested in yogurt million liters of milk a year, while the quantity of
consumed in Hanoi; they are produced by the milk thus collected represents only 124 million
Vinamilk factory in Bac Ninh province, which is liters, resulting in a deficit of 25 million liters. This
supplied with milk by the northern and central deficit is filled by the purchase of a supplement of
regions of Vietnam. Three farms provide most of the milk on the national market. The main supply points
milk for the dairy products of this plant: for this supplement are, on average weighted by
- the dairy farm in Moc Chau commune, Son tonnages, 354 km from the plant. As these vehicles
La province, in the western part of northern Vietnam are very specialized, they always return empty. In
with a 300 km drive to the Bac Ninh factory; addition to milk, the plant also obtains packaging
- the dairy farm of Tuyen Quang province, and other ingredients necessary for the production of
in the north-east of the northern region, 180 km from yogurt (containers, fruits, lids, streamers, cleaning
Bac Ninh; products, sugar, etc.). These products come from
- the dairy farm in Nghia Dan Commune, different regions of France and abroad (Germany,
Nghe An Province, in the North of Central Vietnam Poland, Spain). All these inputs are delivered by
350 km from Bac Ninh. road, with adapted vehicles and represent nearly
The morphology of these chains is almost 2,500 deliveries per year for an estimated
identical between the different types of distribution consumption of 276,000 liters of diesel. On the other
studied and we distinguish 7 stages for all the studied hand, the production of yogurt also produces a
yoghurt chains: residue, the serum, which is sent to another site
- Step 1 - The collection of milk, from the located about 250 km from the yogurt factory, at the
farms to the factories and other supplies of materials rate of 6 tanks of 22 tons on average per week. The
and products that make up the composition of energy consumption of this transport, which we
yoghurt. count here with that of the supplies, is estimated at
- Step 2 - The yoghurt production plant. In 51000 l. of diesel per year.
Vietnam, the factory studied is located in the The energy results of all logistics chains are
province of Bac Ninh about thirty kilometers from summarized in figure 1, which shows the differences
Hanoi while in the French case the factory is located in efficiency between the different forms of
in the Lyon region, nearly 500 km from Paris. distribution analyzed: hypermarkets, supermarkets,
- Step 3 - Transportation of yogurt, from the factory outlets and independent boutiques. Between
factory to the platform just before the shop. the various retail outlets presented in figures 1 and 2,
the supply is identical by construction up to the

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