Page 56 - Proceeding of Atrans Young Researcher's Forum 2019_Neat

“Transportation for A Better Life:
Smart Mobility for Now and Then”

23 August 2019, Bangkok, Thailand

factory, for the Vietnamese chains on the one hand Vietnam
and for the French chains on the other hand. The
retail outlet and the consumer journey are the two
important parts of the energy consumption of these
chains. Hypermarkets and supermarkets are more France
efficient than factory outlets and independent
boutiques because of the quantities sold.
For the consumer journey (last km) the
independent shops are the most efficient and the
factory outlets are the least efficient. The energy
consumption of logistics platforms is also low,
especially the factory platforms; those of distributors
(hyper and supermarkets), seem a little less effective.
As a whole, these different chains corresponding to
the types of retail outlet are distinguished mainly by
the journey of the consumer and it is the independent Fig 2: GHG emissions of the different yogurt
shops that seem the most effective. chains studied (in gCO2e: kg of yogurt)
Here we make three types of comparisons:
- The comparison of energy between types Figure 1 does not indicate a significant
of distributions in Vietnam. difference in efficiency between the two countries.
- Comparison of CO2 emissions between Energy consumption for the supply of yogurt plants
types of distributions in Vietnam. is significantly higher in Vietnam (13.3 goe/kg
- The comparison between energy and CO2 yogurt) than it is in France (8.4 goe /kg yogurt). This
emissions of the hypermarket supply chain between is due both to far greater distances in Vietnam for
France and Vietnam. milk collection, which is the main source of energy
consumption for this stage and for smaller vehicles
and smaller loads for each of the three distinguished
France Vietnam supply types, mainly related to mountainous terrain
and road network. In Vietnam, the products made in
the factory studied are, in addition to bottled milk,
natural yogurt and fruit yogurts. In this research, we
focus on the yogurt that comes in the form of 80
gram jars in packs of four, in boxes of 48 packets of
4 yogurts. To leave the factory, these packets are
palletized by automated electric robots. The
electricity consumption of this factory is 45,500
MWh/year and the factory does not use any other
form of energy. In France, the factory studied
produces almost exclusively yogurt and consumes
mainly two types of energy: gas to heat

Fig 1: Energy of the different yogurt chains (pasteurization, serum concentration and
studied (in goe/kg of yogurt) sterilization) and electricity to operate the engines
and for cooling.
In Vietnam, from the factory, yogurt goes
either to a distributor platform, to supply
supermarkets and factory shops, or to the producer's
platform for independent shops, while in France
yogurt systematically goes through the two
platforms: first to the producer platform, who groups
together the production of his various factories for a
region, then to the retailer platform which gathers the

productions of different suppliers and prepares the
orders for the retail outlets. In Vietnam, from

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