Page 58 - Proceeding of Atrans Young Researcher's Forum 2019_Neat

“Transportation for A Better Life:
Smart Mobility for Now and Then”

23 August 2019, Bangkok, Thailand

(Australia) by 1500 EVP boat and the port of Jakarta 35m2. In hypermarkets, they sell between 22,000
(Indonesia) by boat of 1000 TEU over 4293 km. and 67,000 blue jeans/year (an average of 40,600
Cotton is transported to the port of Haiphong blue jeans/year). For France, two hypermarkets were
(Vietnam). analyzed in the Paris region. The areas occupied by
From the port of Haiphong, cotton is jeans vary between 20 and 31 m2 in these retail
shipped in 20 or 40 feet containers to the spinning outlets, the number of pants sold between 5000 and
and weaving mills, and the fabric is sent to textile 7000 jeans per year.
mills, where the trousers are made. In the North of The Vietnamese and French logistic chains
Vietnam, spinning and weaving factories are located differ mainly in the fact that Vietnam imports cotton
in industrial parks near Hanoi like those of the while France imports blue jeans all manufactured.
provinces in Hai Duong (50km from Hanoi), Pho Cotton imports to the port of Haiphong are all
Noi in Hung Yen (35km from Hanoi), Thai Binh identical too. To compare the efficiency of different
(100 km from Hanoi). types of Vietnamese retail outlets, we consider the
The garment factories are located in supply chain only between the port and the
industrial parks around Hanoi. These are favorable consumer's home. To compare the chain of
locations for the supply of these factories and the Vietnamese hypermarkets with French
distribution of orders. The supply of the garment hypermarkets, we take into account the entire chain.
factories is done by semi-trailers of 25 t. payload.
And also, blue jeans, when they leave the
garment factory, pass either through a distributor
platform, to supply supermarkets and supermarkets,
or through the producer's platform for factory’s and
independent shops. In the city of Hanoi, to limit
congestion and pollution, heavy vehicles only
circulate at night, between from 22h to 6:30 in the
morning.
The transport managers of the textile factory
manage the transport links and they also have a
commercial role: that of the wholesaler who supplies
the retail outlets in trousers via the platforms. The
net weight per load is 20 to 22 tones for a
consumption of 40 to 42 liters of diesel per 100km
load. In Vietnam, the transport from the platform to
the retail outlets (hypermarkets, supermarkets) is Fig 3: Energy of the different blue-jeans chains
studied in Vietnam (in goe/kg of blue-jean)
subcontracted to professional carriers or logistics
providers while that to independent shops is operated In the comparison between Vietnamese
directly by the textile factory. The distance between chains, the retail outlet and the last mile (consumer
the platform of the distributor or the plant used is journey) are the two important parts of energy
made with 7.5t Isuzu trucks payload for consumption. Supermarkets and supermarkets are
hypermarkets and supermarkets, and Isuzu vans of more efficient than factory outlets and independent
1.25t payload for factory outlets and independent boutiques because of the quantities sold.
shops. In France, the transport to hypermarkets is For the consumer journey (last km), the
mainly operated by carriers on behalf of others, by independent shops are the most efficient and the
full truckloads of semi-trailers. The average weight factory outlets are less efficient. Domestic transport
of the load is 25 tons. from Haiphong Port is a source of low fuel
In Vietnam, 14 retail outlets were studied in consumption, due to the relatively short distance
the Hanoi area: 5 hypermarkets, 4 supermarkets, 3 between the port and the place of consumption
outlets and 2 independent shops. We took into (about 100 km) and a well optimized load in semi-
account average energy consumption per m2 of sales trailers. The energy consumption of logistics
area for each of these types of retail outlets. In the platforms is also low, especially the factory
hypermarkets, the area occupied by the trousers platforms; those of distributors (hyper and
varies between 50 and 75 m2; supermarkets are 45 supermarkets), seem a little less effective. On the
to 55m2; in factory outlets and shops between 15 and
whole, these different chains corresponding to the

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