Page 674 - Book 1
P. 674
√«¡º≈ß“π∑“ß«‘™“°“√¢Õß»“ μ√“®“√¬å®‘μμ‘ μ‘ß»¿—∑‘¬å 651
‡ ¡Õ‰ª‰¡à °“√∑’Ëπ—°°ÆÀ¡“¬®–¬÷¥∂◊Õ·μà°ÆÀ¡“¬‰¡à§”π÷ß∂÷ߧ«“¡¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡μ“¡
§«“¡À¡“¬∑—Ë«‰ªπ—Èπ‡ªì𧫓¡‡ÀÁ𧫓¡‡¢â“„®∑’Ë·§∫‰ª°«à“∑’˧«√®–‡ªìπ „πÀπ—ß ◊Õ The
Road to Justice ‚¥¬ Sir Alfred Denning ´÷Ë߇ªìπμ”·ÀπàßÕ∏‘∫¥’»“≈Õÿ∑∏√≥å
(Master of the Rolls) „πÕ—ß°ƒ… °≈à“««à“°ÆÀ¡“¬π—Èπ»“≈‡ªìπºŸâ √â“ߢ÷Èπ (judge-
made law) ∂Ⓡªìπ≈“¬≈—°…≥åÕ—°…√ ‡™àπæ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘ °Á∑”¢÷Èπ‚¥¬π—°°ÆÀ¡“¬‡ªìπ
(ˆÒ)
à«π„À≠à ‚¥¬‡ªìπºŸâ√à“ß ºŸâμ’§«“¡„™â°ÆÀ¡“¬π—Èπ ∑—Èß Ú Õ¬à“ßπ’È°Á§◊Õ §π‡ªìπºŸâ √â“ß
°ÆÀ¡“¬¢÷Èπ à«π§«“¡¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡π—Èπ‡ªì𧫓¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õß§π ‰¡à¡’„§√ √â“ߢ÷Èπ π—°°ÆÀ¡“¬
®÷߉¡à “¡“√∂ªí¥§«“¡√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫„π°“√∑’Ë°ÆÀ¡“¬‰¡à Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫§«“¡¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡‰ª‰¥â
°“√∑’Ë°ÆÀ¡“¬®–∫—ߧ—∫„™â‰¥âº≈μ“¡∫∑∫—≠≠—μ‘À√◊Õ°“√∑’˧π∑—ÈßÀ≈“¬∑”μ“¡°ÆÀ¡“¬
°Á‡æ√“–§«“¡ ”π÷°«à“°‘®°“√∑’Ë°ÆÀ¡“¬∫—≠≠—μ‘„Àâ∑”π—Èπ‡ªìπ°“√∂Ÿ°μâÕß ¡§«√∑’Ë®–μâÕß
(ˆÚ)
∑”μ“¡∑’Ë∫—≠≠—μ‘¢÷Èππ—Èπ §◊Õ Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫§«“¡¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡ Denning 𑬓¡§”«à“ ¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡
«à“ çÕ¬à“ß„°≈â∑’Ë ÿ¥∑’ˇ√“®–𑬓¡§”«à“¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡‰¥â°Á·μà‡æ’¬ß«à“ ‡ªìπ ‘Ëß∑’Ë ¡“™‘°¢Õß
™ÿ¡™πºŸâ¡’®‘μ„®∑’Ë∂Ÿ°∑’Ë™Õ∫‡™◊ËÕ«à“‡ªìπ∏√√¡ (the right-minded members of
the community-those who have the right spirit within them-believe to
(ˆÛ)
be fair)é Denning Õâ“ߧ”ªØ‘≠“≥°àÕπ®–‡¢â“√—∫μ”·ÀπàߺŸâæ‘æ“°…“Õ—ß°ƒ…«à“
çI will do right to all manner of people after the laws and usages of this
Realm without fear or favour, affection or ill-willé ´÷Ëß¡’§«“¡ ”§—≠μ√ß∑’Ë«à“
®–∑”§«“¡¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡ (do right, do justice) ‰¡à„™à∑”°ÆÀ¡“¬ (do law) ‡∑à“π—Èπ à«π∑’Ë
«à“ after the laws π—Èπ §◊ÕμâÕ߇ªìπ‰ªμ“¡°ÆÀ¡“¬ §◊Õ‡ªì𧫓¡¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡μ“¡°ÆÀ¡“¬
(justice according to law) ‰¡à„™àÕ¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡μ“¡°ÆÀ¡“¬ (injustice according
to law) §”ªØ‘≠“≥´÷ËߺŸâæ‘æ“°…“μâÕß∂«“¬ —μ¬åμàÕæ√–¡À“°…—μ√‘¬å°àÕπ‡¢â“√—∫
Àπâ“∑’Ë ´÷Ëß°”Àπ¥μ“¡√—∞∏√√¡πŸ≠·Ààß√“™Õ“≥“®—°√‰∑¬ æ.». ÚıÒ˜ ¡’μÕπÀπ÷Ëß«à“
çœ≈œ ®–ªØ‘∫—μ‘Àπâ“∑’Ë.... ‡æ◊ËÕ„À⇰‘¥§«“¡¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡·°àª√–™“™πé* ©–π—Èπ ·∑π∑’Ë®–‡¢â“„®
μ“¡∑’ˇ§¬‡¢â“„®°—π«à“¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡À¡“¬§«“¡∂÷ß ‘Ëß∑’ˇªì𧫓¡¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡μ“¡°ÆÀ¡“¬ ‘Ëß„¥
∑’ˇªìπ°ÆÀ¡“¬ ‘Ëßπ—Èπ‡ªì𧫓¡¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡ ‘Ëß„¥∑’ˉ¡à„™à°ÆÀ¡“¬ ‘Ëßπ—Èπ‰¡à¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡ ®÷߉¡à
(ˆÒ)
Denning p. 1
(ˆÚ)
Denning p. 3
(ˆÛ)
Denning p. 4
*∫—¥π’ȇªìπª√–°“» °.μ. (˜ °.§. ÚıÚÒ) ÕÕ°μ“¡ æ.√.∫. √–‡∫’¬∫¢â“√“™°“√ΩÉ“¬μÿ≈“°“√
æ.». ÚıÚÒ ¡“μ√“ Ò˘
