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[315] Shemos—Mishpatim 22:5 ä:áë íéèôùîZúåîù Shemos—Mishpatim 23:5 ä:âë íéèôùîZúåîù [338]

5. If a fire goes out of control L•Ñêê·Ñ®Ñ³-−ÞÌk.í and you might not want to help him, B¢ñëÒ¤ïμÞÑô £ÖzÐñÔðÞÖìÐî
and finds [catches on] thorns, ·ó−̮Қí¥ÖêЮÞÖôe [but you should] make every effort to help him. ô :B Þn̼ëÒ£ïμÞÔzëÒ'ïÖ¼
and then consumes bound or standing grain or a field, í¢ÓðÖOÔíB¤êí£ÖôÖwÔíB'êL− flÌðÖbñ¤Ô×ÍêÞÓòÐî
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA RASHI é"ùø AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
full restitution must be made ó flÑlÔLÐ−ó¤ÑlÔL
and you might not want to help him? ,Bì áÉæÂòÞÅîÈzÀìÇãÞÈçÀå
by the one who started the fire. ô :íÞÖþѼÐaÔí-³Óêþ£Ì¼ÐëÔnÔí
Incredulously, with amazement. :íÖiÌôгÌa
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA RASHI é"ùø AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA Make every effort to help him. 13 .B ÞnÄòáÉæÂòÞÇzáÉæÈò
and, if he intends to pay with land ¼ÔšÐþÔšBñóÑlÔLÐñêÖaóÌêÐî This word íÖë−Ìïμ has the meaning of “helping.” ,íÖþÐïÓ¼ öBLÐñBïíÖë−Ìïμ
as compensation for his damage, ,BšÐïÌò−ÑôÐc Similarly: “aided and (ëeïÖ¼) helped” 14 ,ëeïÖ¼Ðî þe®Ö¼öÑ×Ðî
he must pay him from the best of his fields; Zî−Ö³BðÐNëÔ¬−ÑnÌôBñóÑlÔLÐ− Similarly: “(eëÐïμÔiÔî) They helped Jerusalem óÌ−ÔñÖLeþÐ−eëÐïÔ¼ÔiÔîöÑ×Ðî
[e.g.] if [the damages] was a sela, ,¼ÔñÓ½BšÐïÌòíÖ−ÖíóÌê up to the wall,” 15 íÖôBìÔíðÔ¼
then he should give him a sela’s worth ¼ÔñÓ½íÑîÐLBñöÓzÌ− [meaning:] they filled it with earth þÖõÖ¼ÖíeêÐlÌô
from the best of the land that he owns. ;Bñ LÑiÓL³−Ìc−̼Ñô to help and support the strength of the wall. ;íÖôBìÔíšÓïBì ³ÓêÔ¼−ÑiÔ½Ðñe þBïμÔñ
This verse teaches you ëe³ÖkÔíEÐðÓnÌñ
that [when land is used as compensation for] damages ö−ÌšÖfÌpÔíÓL A similar [use of the word −Ìk as “possibly”]: ,Bë êÑ®BiÔk
we evaluate them [to be collected from] óÓíÖñö−ÌôÖL “−Ìk you will say in your heart, EÐëÖëÐñÌaþÔôêÒ³−Ìk
the best lands [of the one who caused the damages]. 11 :³−Ìc−̼Öa ‘These nations are many more than I, etc.’” ,’BèÐî−ÌpÓnÌôíÓlÑêÖíóÌ−BbÔíó−ÌaÔþ
[5] If a fire goes out of control— .LÅààÅöÅú-éÞÄk [ä] [meaning:] “Could you possibly say this?! ,öÑkþÔôêÒ³êÖnÓL
even by itself. 12 13 :dÖôЮԼÑô el−ÌõÎê incredulously, with amazement . . . ?íÖiÌôгÌa
[therefore] “Do not be afraid of them.” 16 .óÓíÑôêÖþ−̳êG
And [catches on] thorns. .íéÄöÉ÷äÈàÀöÞÈîe
As for its midrashic explanation, BLÖþÐðÌôe
ó−Ì®Bš are chardons (thistles) in Old French. :ïÔ¼ÔñÐa ¾ò"îðþš
this is the way our Sages expounded it: :eò−ѳBaÔþeLÐþÖcCÖk
And consumes bound grain. .LéÄãÈbìÇëÁàÞÆðÀå
“If you will see . . . you may refrain.” ,ÈzÀìÇãÞÈçÀå,äÆàÀøÄú-éÞÄk
It (the flames) licked the thorns ó−Ì®BšÐëíÖ×Îì−ÌlÓL
[This indicates that] there are times ó−ÌôÖ¼Ðt
until it reached the bound grain or the standing grain íÖôÖšÐñBêL−ÌðÖèÐñíÖ¼−ÌbÌíÓLðÔ¼
that you may refrain [from helping] ,ñÑðBì íÖzÔêÓL
which is still attached to the ground. :¼ÔšÐþÔwÔa³ÓþÓaeìÐôÔí
and there are times that you must help. ,þÑïB¼ íÖzÔêÓLó−ÌôÖ¼Ðõe
Or a field— 14 .äÆãÈOÇäBà When does this apply? ?ðÔ®−Ñ×êÖí
whereby [the flame] licked up his plowing Bþ−Ìò³ÓêíÖ×Îì−ÌlÓL If he is an elderly man öÑšÖï
and he now needs to plow it a second time. 15 :í−ÖiÌòÐLóÔ¼ÔtdÖ³Bê þ−ÌòÖñC−ÌþÖ®Ðî and it is beneath his dignity 17 BðBëÐ×−ÌõÐñ Bò−ÑêÐî
Full restitution must be made íÅlÇLÀéíÅlÇL [then] ÖzÐñÔðÖìÐî—“ you may refrain” [applies]. :ÖzÐñÔðÖìÐî
by the one who started the fire. .øéÄòÀáÇnÇä Or if it is the animal of a gentile −ÌþÐ×Öò³ÔôÍíÓëBê
Though he lit the fire on his own property ,BlÓL CB³Ða š−ÌñÐðÌíÓL−ÌtñÔ¼¹Ôê and the load of a Jew ñÑêÖþÐNÌ−ñÓLBêÖOÔôe
and it spread of its own accord dÖ ôЮԼÑôíÖêЮÖ−ê−ÌíÐî [then] ÖzÐñÔðÖìÐî [applies]. 18 :ÖzÐñÔðÖìÐî
by means of thorns which it found ,íÖêЮÖnÓLó−Ì®Bš −ÑðÐ−ñÔ¼
he is nevertheless obligated to make restitution ,óÑlÔLÐñë−ÖiÔì 13 The root ëÒïÖ¼ more often means “to leave, to abandon.” Some commentaries (e.g. Ibn Ezra, Chizkuni) explain
for not keeping his burning coal BzÐñÔìÔb³ÓêþÔôÖLêHÓL−ÌõÐñ this verse in that vein: Bñ ëBïμÑôÖzÐñÔðÖìÐî—Refrain from abandoning him,” BÐn̼ëÒïμÔzëÒïÖ¼—Loosen the bonds of the load so
from breaking out and causing damage. 16 :š−ÌfÔ³ÐîêѮѳêHÓL that the load “leave” the animal. Rashi disagrees with this explanation. 14 Devarim 32, 36. 15 Nechemiah 3, 8.
16 Devarim 7, 17. 17 I.e., he would not unload the animal even if it were his own. (Rambam, Hilchos Rotzeach
11 Mechilta; Bava Kamma 6b. 12 I.e., even if he started the fire on his own property and it travelled to where 13, 3) 18 Mechilta; Bava Metzia 32a. This last ruling, concerning the animal of a gentile, holds true only according
it damaged another’s property. 13 Bava Kamma 22b. 14 How exactly does fire damage the ground? 15 Bava to the opinion of the Mechilta that there is no Biblical prohibition against causing pain to animals (ó−Ì−Ôì−ÑñμÔaþÔ¼Ô®).
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