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[319] Shemos—Mishpatim 22:9–10 éYè:áë íéèôùîZúåîù # Shemos—Mishpatim 23:1–2 áYà:âë íéèôùîZúåîù 26015-EYAL - 26015-SHMOT-EYAL | 11 - A | 18-07-18 | 09:55:45 | SR:-- | Magenta 26015-EYAL - 26015-SHMOT-EYAL | 11 - A | 18-07-18 | 09:55:45 | SR:-- | Cyan 26015-EYAL - 26015-SH

or any animal for safeguarding; þ¢ÒôÐLÌñí£ÖôÑíÐa-ñÖ×Ðî 23 1. Do not accept a false report. êÐî¢ÖL¼Ôô¤ÑLê£ÖO̳ê'G.ê âë
and it dies, or is injured, or is captured, í£ÖaÐLÌò-B Þêþ'ÔaÐLÌò-B Þ곧Ñôe Do not join hands with a wicked man ¼ flÖLÖþ-ó̼ ·EÐðÞÖ−³ÓLÖ¥z-ñÔê
and there is no eyewitness, :íÞÓêÒþö−'Ñê to be a corrupt [false] witness. :½ÞÖôÖìð'Ѽ³Ò£−ÐíÞÌñ
10. an oath to Adonoy shall be between them, ó flÓí−ÑòÐLö−¤Ña ·íÓ−ÐíÞÌzí†ÖîÒíÐ−³¤Ô¼ŠëÐL.− 2. Do not follow the majority to do evil. ³¢Ò¼ÖþÐñó−£ÌaÔþ-−ÞÑþÎìÞÔêí'Ó−Ðí̳-ê ÞG.ë

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To teach you EÐcÓôÔñÐñ
He is, therefore, not held responsible Ba þÔ¬ÖtCÖ×−ÌõÐñ
that the dog gets more respect than he. 77 ,eòÓnÌôðÖaÐ×ÌòëÓñÓkÔíÓL
for theft (i.e., if the item is stolen from him), ,íÖë−ÑòÐbÔí³Óê
And the verse [also] teaches ëe³ÖkÔíEÐðÓnÌñÐî
as is written: “[If a man gives his neighbor...] ,ëe³ÖkÓLBôÐk
that God does not withhold Ô ìÑtÔšÐôí"ÖaÖwÔíö−ÑêÓL
and they are stolen from the house of the watchman.” 29 .L−ÌêÖí³−ÑaÌôëÔpŠèÐî
the reward that is due to any creature. ,í−ÖiÌþÐañÖkþÔ×ÐN
“If the thief is not found ëÖpÔbÔíêÑ®ÖnÌ−êGóÌê
[And the dog has a reward coming] for its said: þÔôÍêÓpÓL
then the house-owner (the watchman) must come,” 30 Z³Ì−ÔaÔíñÔ¼ÔaëÔþКÌòÐî
“But against any of the B’nei Yisrael ñÑêÖþÐNÌ−−ÑòÐañÒ×Ðñe
to swear. ,íÖ¼eëÐLÌñ
no dog wagged its tongue (i.e., barked),” 78 ,BòBLÐñëÓñÓk±ÔþÍìÓ−êG
You learn from this that he (the watchman) frees himself BôЮԼþѬBtÓLÖzÐðÔôÖñ
so God said, “Give it its due reward.” 79 :BþÖ×ÐNBñeòÐz ,í"ÖaÖwÔíþÔôÖê
[from any responsibility] with this oath. ;Bï íÖ¼eëÐLÌë
But this section 31 deals íÖþeôÎêBïíÖLÖþÖõe [1] Do not accept a false report. .àÀåÈLòÇîÅLàÈOÄúàG [à]
with a þÖ×ÖÒ¾þÑôBL (a watchman compensated for his work), ,þÖ×ÖNþÑôBLÐë As Onkelos translates it: ,BôebÐþÔ³Ðk
who is not freed from responsibility þe¬Öõ Bò−ÑêμÖ×−ÌõÐñ “Do not accept a false report.” ,þÖšÐLÐc¼ÔôÐLñÑaԚгêÖñ
if [the item to be watched] is stolen, ,íÖëÐòÐèÌòóÌê This is an admonition íÖþÖíÐïÔê
as is written: ,ëe³ÖkÓLBôÐk directed to one who accepts (i.e., believes) ñÑaÔšÐôÌñ
“But if it was indeed stolen from him Bn̼ÑôëÑòÖbÌ−ëÒòÖbóÌêÐî slanderous talk, 1 ¼ÖþÖí öBLÐñ
he must make restitution.” 32 33 ,óÑlÔLÐ− and to a judge, ö−ÖiÔðÐñe
However, for something over which he has no control, ,½Ó òBêÖíñÔ¼ñÖëÎê that he not listen to the claims of one party ö−ÌcñÔ¼Ôa−ÑþÐëÌc¼ÔôÐLÌ−êHÓL
as in a case where it (an animal) died of itself, BôЮԼÑô³Ñô öBèÐk until the other party arrives. 23 :BþÑëÎìö−ÌcñÔ¼ÔaêÒëÖiÓLðÔ¼
or was injured, or was forcibly taken by robbers, ,ó−̬нÌñ−ÑðÐ−ñÔ¼íÖšÐïÖìÐëíÖaÐLÌòBêþÔaÐLÌòBê Do not join hands with a wicked man. òÈLÈø-íÄòEÀãÈéúÆLÈz-ìÇà
and there is no one who saw it happen íÓêBþ ö−ÑêÐî One who makes a demand on his fellow man Bþ−ÑëÎì³ÓêöѼBhÔí
so as to be able to testify about the matter, then— ZþÖëÖcÔað−̼ÖiÓL by means of a false claim, ,þÓšÓL³Ô¼−ÌëÐz
[10] An oath to Adonoy shall be. 34 .äÆéÀäÞÄz'äúÇòËáÀL [é] and you promise him eíÑì−̬ÐëÔzÓL
He shall swear that it is as he claims ,î−ÖþÖëÐðÌ× êeí öÑkÓL¼ÔëÖMÌ− that you will be a corrupt witness. 4 :½ÖôÖìðѼ Bñ ³B−ÐíÌñ
and that he did not lay a hand on it ðÖ−dÖaìÔñÖL êG êeíÐî [2] Do not follow the majority to do evil. .úÉòÈøÀì íéÄaÇø-éÞÅøÂçÞÇàäÆéÀäÞÄú-àG [á]
to make any personal use of it. 35 ,BôЮԼÐñdÖaLÑnÔzÐLÌíÐñ Regarding this verse, there are íÓïêÖþКÌôÐaLÑ−
For had he laid a hand on it ðÖ−dÖaìÔñÖLóÌêÓL various expositions by the Sages of Yisrael ,ñÑêÖþÐNÌ−−ÑôÐ×Ôì−ÑLÐþÐðÌô
and afterwards an accident happened to it ,íÖ½ÐòÍêÓòCÖkþÔìÔêÐî but they do not fit the arrangement of the verse: .î−ÖòÐõÖêñÔ¼öÓíÖaëÖMe−ÐôêÖþКÌnÔí öBLÐñö−ÑêñÖëÎê
he is liable for those accidents. 36 :ó−̽ÐòBêÐaë−ÖiÔì
77 For a gentile has to buy the neveilah, whereas the dog gets his tereifah free. (S.A.) 78 Above 11, 7. 79 Mechilta.
30 V. 6. 31 V. 9. 32 V. 9–12. 33 V. 11. 34 Bava Metzia 94b. 35 He takes two separate oaths. 36 If a þÖ×ÖNþÑôBL 1 Mechilta; Pesachim 118. 2 This would constitute êÐîÖL¼ÔôÑL—“ a false report,” because one is more brazen to lie
uses without authorization the item that he was hired to watch, he is deemed to be a ³Ô¼ÔcÌôêGÓLñÑêBL—“ one who when not in the presence of his adversary. (Rashi Shvuos ,êî¾ ¼ô¾ í"ð 31a) 3 Ibid. 4 Just for assuring someone
borrows without the owner’s permission,” who is considered a öÖñÐïÔè—“ a robber,” and thereby becomes responsible that you will testify falsely for him is a transgression of: ½ÖôÖìðѼ ³B−ÐíÌñ¼ÖLÖþó̼EÐðÖ−³ÓLÖzñÔê. Actually testifying falsely is a
even for ó−̽ÐòBê—accidents over which he has no control. 26015-EYAL - 26015-SHMOT-EYAL | 11 - A | 18-07-18 | 09:55:45 | SR:-- | Magenta 26015-EYAL - 26015-SHMOT-EYAL | 11 - A | 18-07-18 | 09:55:45 | SR:-- | Black 26015-EYAL - 26015-SHMOT-EYAL | 11 - A | 18-07-18 | 09:55:45 | SR:-- | Cyan #2601

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