Page 736 - Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Disorders in Small Animal Practice

724 INDEX

Erythropoietin (Continued) Fecal fluid loss, 15 plasma–interstitial space, 12–13, 12f
recombinant, for anemia of chronic renal Fecal potassium, 94, 110–111, 122f, 445 Fluid flux equation, 648–649
failure, 41 Fecal sodium, 445 Fluid intake, 15–17, 16t, 17–20
renal synthesis of, 40–41 Feeding. See Diet; Nutrition; Nutritional daily requirements for, 332, 333
Esophagostomy tubes, 632–634, 632b, 633f. support diet and, 17–20, 19f,19t,20f,20t,21t
See also Enteral nutrition Feeding modules, 638–639, 639b from drinking, 17–20
Essential fatty acids Feeding pumps, 641–642, 642f excessive. See Polydipsia
in enteral nutrition, 627 Feline immunodeficiency virus infection, fluid loss and, 14–15, 15f,16t,18t.
in parenteral nutrition, 611–612 transfusion-related, 591 See also Fluid balance; Fluid loss
Ethacrynic acid, 523t, 524 Feline leukemia virus infection, transfusion- from food, 17, 21t
Ethanol, for ethylene glycol poisoning, related, 591 homeostasis and, 14–15, 15f
261–262, 706 Femoral artery metabolic water and, 20, 21t
Ethanol ablation, of parathyroid, 152 blood sampling from, 241 normal values for, 70
Ethyl alcohol catheterization of, 419 in sedentary animals, 15–17, 16t
in hemodialysate, 695 Fermentable carbohydrates, for hepatic Fluid loss, 15–17, 332. See also Blood loss
for intravenous catheters, 356 encephalopathy, 484–485, 484t cutaneous, 17, 18t, 332
Ethylene glycol poisoning, 260–262 Fetus dehydration and, 46–47, 47f.
hemodialysis for, 262, 703, 705–707, 706f parathyroid hormone–related protein in, 128 See also Dehydration
hypocalcemia in, 173 retained, hypercalcemia and, 156 evaporative, 17, 18t
metabolic acidosis in, 260–262, 260f Fiber, dietary fecal, 15, 16t
pathophysiology of, 260–261 for hepatic encephalopathy, 484t obligatory, 15–17, 15f
treatment of, 261–262 for hypercalcemia, 154 hypernatremia and, 54–57
Etidronate, for hypercalcemia, 160–161, 162 Fibroblast growth factors hypertonic, 11, 12t
Etomidate, 416 in calcium metabolism, 124, 130 hypotonic, 11, 12t,54b, 57–59
Evaporation, 17, 18t in phosphorus metabolism, 197 insensible, 14–15, 16t, 17, 18t,19t, 544
Exercise Fibrous osteodystrophy, hyperparathyroidism replacement of, 15
chloride imbalances and, 86, 88 and, 169–170 intake and, 14–15, 15f
potassium imbalances and, 103, 109–110 Filters isotonic, 11, 12, 12t
Exercise-associated hyponatremia, 67 for parenteral nutrition, 618 monitoring of, in fluid therapy, 378
Exogenous vasopressin test, 74–75 for transfusions, 594 obligatory, 15–17, 15f
Exsanguination leukoreduction, 592 ongoing, estimation of, 346
autotransfusion for, 399 Filtration pressure, capillary, 13 from panting, 17, 19t
catheter disconnection and, 377 Fludrocortisone, for hypoadrenocorticism, 508 pure water deficit and, 54–57
External hydrogen ion balance, 245 Fluid(s). See also Water replacement fluids for. See Fluid therapy
External jugular vein catheterization, 361, 362 body. See Body fluids respiratory, 17, 19t, 332
Extracellular fluid in food, 17, 21t sensible, 544
electrolytes in, 2, 3f interstitial, accumulation of, causes of, 393 third-space, 333
fluid loss from, 11, 12, 12t. See also Fluid loss replacement. See Fluid therapy and specific tonicity and, 57–58, 58f
osmolality of, 10–12 fluids urinary, 15, 16t
solutes in, 3f, 4–5, 5t Fluid balance, 14–15, 15f obligatory, 15–17, 15f,18t
loss of, 11, 12, 12t. See also Fluid loss assessment of, 545 urinary free water and, 17
volume of, 2, 3f blood volume and, 393 urinary solute load and, 15–17, 16f
Extracellular fluid compartment, 2–4, 3f fluid intake and, 17–20, 332, 333. Fluid overload. See Hypervolemia
fluid exchange in, 10–12 See also Fluid intake Fluid pumps, 378, 379
Extracorporeal therapies. See also Hemodialysis; fluid loss and, 15–17. See also Fluid loss Fluid requirements, 21–22, 626
Hemoperfusion intestinal, 436, 436f basal, 22, 22t
for poisoning, 703–707 regulation of, 442 caloric requirements and, 21
Extravasation, 375, 401 renal, 45t,52 determination of, 15
EZ-IO system, 371, 372 renin-angiotensin system in, 41 dietary solute and, 15–17
vasopressin in, 45t, 50–52, 52f for fasting animals, 626
transvascular fluid dynamics and, 648–649. of hospitalized animals, 626, 629
F See also Transvascular fluid dynamics maintenance, 15, 21
Facial twitching, in hypocalcemia, 165 urine production and, 391 Fluid resuscitation, 397. See also Hemorrhage,
Facilitated diffusion, 34 Fluid challenge, central venous pressure in, 379, management of; Hemorrhagic shock
Famotidine 388, 389 Fluid retention. See also Edema; Hypervolemia
for metabolic alkalosis, 280 Fluid compartments. See also Transvascular fluid in heart failure, 516–518, 519, 519f, 521
for shock, 574 dynamics diuretics for, 521–525
Fanconi syndrome, 258 extracellular, 2–4, 3f refractory, 531–532
hypophosphatemia and, 199 intracellular, 2, 3f,4 renal function and, 519f, 520–521, 525
Fasting, fluid requirements in, 626 Fluid deficits. See Fluid loss; Hypovolemia in liver disease. See also Ascites
Fats. See Lipid(s) Fluid dynamics, transvascular. See Transvascular ACTH and, 469
Fatty acids fluid dynamics aldosterone and, 469–470
in enteral nutrition, 627 Fluid excess. See Hypervolemia basal cortisol and, 469
in parenteral nutrition, 611–612 Fluid exchange in cats, 470
Febrile transfusion reactions capillary, 12–13, 13f nonosmotic vasopressin stimulation and,
hemolytic, 596, 597t intracellular-extracellular, 10–12, 12f 469
nonhemolytic, 596, 597t peritoneal, 666–667 portosystemic shunts and, 469