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Discospondylitis: Microorganisms Disinfectants, Characteristics of Selected 1217.e1

Discospondylitis: Microorganisms
VetBooks.ir Bacterial Nocardia

Coagulase-positive staphylococci (S. pseudintermedius, S. aureus)*
Streptococcus spp (S. canis, S. equisimilis)* Pasteurella
Porphyromonas
Brucella canis* Prevotella
Escherichia coli* Proteus
Actinomyces Pseudomonas
Alcaligenes Fungal
Bacteroides Aspergillus terreus*
Coagulase-negative staphylococci Coccidioides immitis*
Corynebacterium Fusarium
Enterococcus Mucor
Fusobacterium Paecilomyces variotii
Klebsiella Penicillium
Micrococcus Other molds
Mycobacterium
*Common or important considerations.

Disinfectants, Characteristics of Selected
Differential Diagnosis

Activity in the
Disinfectant Presence of
Category Organic Matter Advantages Disadvantages Precautions Comments
Alcohols: ethyl alcohol, Rapidly inactivated Fast-acting Rapid evaporation Flammable Not appropriate for routine
isopropyl alcohol No residue environmental disinfection
Relatively nontoxic Primarily used as antiseptics
Aldehydes: formaldehyde, Good Broad spectrum Highly toxic Irritant Used as an aqueous solution
glutaraldehyde Relatively noncorrosive Carcinogenic or as a gas (fumigation)
Requires ventilation
Alkalis: ammonia Unpleasant odor Do not mix with bleach. Not recommended for
Irritating general use
Biguanides: chlorhexidine Rapidly inactivated Nontoxic Incompatible with anionic Not appropriate for
detergents environmental disinfection
Primarily used as antiseptics
Halogens: hypochlorites Rapidly inactivated Broad spectrum, Inactivated by cationic Corrosive Used to disinfect clean
(bleach) sporicidal soaps/detergents and Irritant environmental surfaces
Inexpensive sunlight May produce toxic gas Only commonly available
Can be used on food Frequent application when mixed with sporicidal disinfectant
preparation surfaces required other chemicals
Oxidizing agents Good Broad spectrum Breakdown with time Corrosive Excellent choice for
Environmentally friendly environmental disinfection
Phenolics Good Broad spectrum Toxic to cats Irritant Some residual activity after
Noncorrosive Unpleasant odor drying
Stable in storage Incompatible with cationic
or nonionic detergents
Quaternary ammonium Moderate Stable in storage Incompatible with anionic Commonly used primary
compounds (QUATs) Nonirritating to skin detergents environmental disinfectant
Low toxicity Some residual activity after
Can be used on food drying
preparation surfaces
Effective at high
temperatures and pH
Modified from the Canadian Committee on Antibiotic Resistance. Infection Prevention and Control Best Practices for Small Animal Veterinary Clinics, 2008; https://www.wormsandgermsblog.com/files/2008/12/
CCAR-Guidelines-Final1.pdf. Last accessed April 24, 2018.

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