Page 772 - Adams and Stashak's Lameness in Horses, 7th Edition

738 Chapter 5

Treatment of OA of the femorotibial joints is the 14. Dubuc J, Girard C, Richard H, et al. Equine meniscal degenera-
same as for other joints. However, arthrodesis is not an tion is associated with medial femorotibial osteoarthritis. Equine
Vet J 2018;50:133–140. doi:10.1111/evj.12716.
VetBooks.ir ferent treatment options. Exercise in the form of small 15. Edwards RB, Nixon AJ. Avulsion of the cranial cruciate ligament
option, and clinicians are often forced to try several dif-
insertion in a horse. Equine Vet J 1996;28:334–336.
paddock turnout appears to help, although owners must
16. Ferris DJ, Frisbie DD, Kisiday JD, et al. Clinical outcome after
ensure that another horse does not induce overstressing intra‐articular administration of bone marrow derived mesenchy-
of the patient. Arthroscopic surgery can help to reduce mal stem cells in 33 horses with stifle injury. Vet Surg 2014;43:
255–265.
the progression of OA by removing debris and fibril- 17. Frisbie DD, Barrett MF, McIlwraith CW, et al. Diagnostic stifle
lated articular cartilage, but it must be stressed to the joint arthroscopy using a needle arthroscope in standing horses.
owners that this is not a cure and the disease process Vet Surg 2014;43:12–18.
will most likely progress. 16 18. Graham S, Solano M, Sutherland‐Smith J, et al. Diagnostic sensi-
tivity of bone scintigraphy for equine stifle disorders. Vet Radiol
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Prognosis 19. Griffin DJ, Ortved KF, Nixon AJ, et al. Mechanical properties and
structure‐function relationships in articular cartilage repaired
Horses with synovitis are easily managed medically using IGF‐I gene‐enhanced chondrocytes. J Orthop Res 2016;34:
149–153. doi:10.1002/jor.23038.
as long as a primary disease process is not present. 20. Hance SR, Bramlage LR, Schneider RK, et al. Retrospective study
However, there is concern that chronic persistent syno- of 38 cases of femur fractures in horses less than one year of age.
vitis can lead to secondary damage to the articular carti- Equine Vet J 1992;24:357–363.
lage, which may predispose to the onset of OA in the 21. Hance SR, Schneider RK, Embertson RM, et al. Lesions of the
future. The prognosis for OA of the femorotibial joints caudal aspect of the femoral condyles in foals: 20 cases (1980–
1990). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1993;202:637–646.
depends on severity and appears no different than for 22. Herdrich MRA, Arrieta SE, Nelson BB, et al. A technique of nee-
other joints in the horse. However, severe OA can lead to dle redirection at a single craniolateral site for injection of three
significant lameness, making it difficult for the horse to compartments of the equine stifle joint. Am J Vet Res. 2017;78:
1077–1084. doi:10.2460/ajvr.78.9.1077.
stand, and secondary complications such as decubital 23. Hoegaerts M, Nicaise M, Van Bree H, et al. Cross‐sectional anatomy
ulcers. and comparative ultrasonography of the equine medial femorotibial
joint and its related structures. Equine Vet J 2005;37:520–529.
24. Holcombe SJ, Bertone AL. Avulsion fracture of the origin of the
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