Page 35 - Botany

e¨vK‡Uwiqv RwbZ †ivM t
av‡bi eøvBU †ivM (Blight Diseaes of Paddy)
av‡bi eøvBU †ivM GKwU e¨vK‡UwiqvNwUZ †ivM| G‡K av‡bi cvZv †cvov †ivMI ejv n‡q| G †iv‡Mi Rb¨ `vqx e¨vK‡UwUwiqvi bvg
Xanthomonas oryzae ( eZ©gvb bvg Xanthomonas campestris var. oryzae )| GwU GKwU †QvU `ÛvK…wZi MÖvg
‡b‡MwUf e¨vK‡Uwiqv hv evZv‡mi mvnv‡h¨ we¯Ívi jvf K‡i|
‡iv‡Mi DrcwË I we¯Ívi t AbyK~j cwi‡e‡k GB e¨vK‡Uwiq avb exR Ges gvwU‡Z A‡bK w`‡b ch©šÍ †eu‡P _vK‡Z cv‡i Ges Pviv
A¼z‡iv`M‡gi mv‡_ mv‡_ bZzb MvQ AvµgY K‡i| GQvov Rwgi AvMvQv, `~wlZ cvwb cÖf„wZ †_‡KI G †ivM Qwo‡q co‡Z cv‡i|
‡iv‡Mi j¶Y t
 MÖx®§Kv‡j av‡bi kxl †ei nevi mgq G †ivM †`Lv †`q|
 e¨vK‡Uwiqvi Avµg‡Y cvZvq Aa©¯^”Q m¨vuZm¨vu‡Z j¤^v j¤^v `v‡Mi m„wó nq|
 `vM¸‡jv cÖ_‡g njy` I c‡i a~mi eY© aviY K‡i|
 cvZvi Dci GK cÖKvi mv`v AvVv‡jv im R‡g I MvQ g‡i hvq| avb wPUv nq|
‡ivM wbqš¿Y t
 exR I gvwU †kvab Kiv evÄbxq|
 cÖ‡qvR‡b Rwg‡Z Kcvi Aw·‡K¬v‡ivivBW cÖ‡qvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
 †ivM cÖwZ‡iva ¶gZvm¤úbœ DbœZ Rv‡Zi avb Pvl KivB DËg|

K‡jiv t K‡jiv e¨vK‡Uwiqv Øviv cvwbevwnZ GKwU Avwš¿K †ivM| fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡kB G †iv‡Mi cÖ‡Kvc †ewk cwijw¶Z nq|
Rvg©vb weÁvbx ievU© KK ( Robert Koch) 1881 mv‡j me©cÖ_g K‡jiv †iv‡Mi RxevYy Avwe®‹vi K‡ib|
‡iv‡Mi RxevYy ev c¨v‡_v‡Rb t K‡jiv †ivM m„wóKvixi e¨vK‡Uwiqv ev RxevYyi bvg Vibri cholerae | Kgv (,) AvK…wZi GB
`ÛvKvi e¨vK‡Uwiqv MÖvg †b‡MwUf| †`‡n GKwU gvÎ d¬v‡Rjv we`¨gvb|
‡iv‡Mi j¶Y t e¨vK‡Uwiqvi †`n †_‡K wbtm„Z G›Uv‡evUw·b RvZxq K‡jiv‡Rb (choleragen) bvgK welv³ c`v‡_©i cÖwZwµqvq
A‡š¿i cÖvPx‡i ¶Z m„wó nq| G Kvi‡b-
 ewg I Pvj †avqv cvwbi b¨vq µgvMZ cvZjv cvqLvbv n‡Z _v‡K| d‡j †`‡n cvwb ¯^íZv †`Lv †`q|
 ‡ivMx AbeiZ cvwb wccvmv Abyfe K‡i wKš‘ cvwb a‡i ivL‡Z cv‡i bv| gyÎ Drcv`b eÜ n‡q hvq|
 ‡`‡ni gvsm‡ckx¸‡jvi ms‡KvPb G †iv‡Mi GKwU Ab¨Zg j¶Y|
 i³ Pvc K‡g hvq| †`‡ni ZvcgvÎv K‡g hvq| †ivMx A‡PZb n‡q g„Zz¨eib Ki‡Z cv‡i|
wbqš¿Y t
 ‡iv‡Mi DcmM© †`Lv †hqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ †ivMx‡K gy‡L Lvevi m¨vjvBb w`‡Z n‡e|
 Kvj wej¤^ bv K‡i †ivMx‡K wbKUZg ¯^v¯’¨‡K‡›`ª fwZ© Kiv‡bv Ges wPwKrm‡Ki civgk© Abyhvqx wPwKrmv cÖ`vb|
 cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv Aej¤^Y Kiv |
 weï× Lvevi I cvbxq MÖnb Kiv|
 wkï eq‡m ev gnvgvix †`Lv w`‡j wUKv cÖ`vb KivB m‡e©vËg cš’v|

cÖkœ t fvBivm I e¨vK‡Uwiqvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wjL|
wb‡gœ fvBivm I e¨vK‡Uwiqvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Q‡Ki gva¨‡g †`Lv‡bv nj t
‰ewkó¨ fvBivm e¨vK‡Uwiqv
cÖK…wZ A‡Kvlxq| G‡Z wbDwK¬qvm †bB| Avw`‡Kvlxq| Avw` cÖK…wZi wbDwK¬qvm we`¨gvb|
AvKvi AwZAvYyex¶wYK, 0.01 Ñ 0.3 gvB‡µvwgUvi| AvYyex¶wYK, 0.2 Ñ 50 gvB‡µvwgUvi|
eske„w× ‡Kej mRxe †Kv‡l eske„w× Ki‡Z cv‡i| mRxe †Kv‡li evB‡iI eske„w× Ki‡Z cv‡i|
wbDwK¬K G‡`i DNA ev RNA ‡h †Kvb GK cÖKvi G‡`i DNA I RNA Dfq cÖKvi wbDwK¬K A¨vwmW
A¨vwmW wbDwK¬K A¨vwmW _v‡K| _v‡K|
‡KjvwmZKiY ‡KjvwmZ Kivi ci mRxe †Kv‡l cÖ‡ek Kiv‡j ‡KjvwmZ Ki‡j Rxe‡bi j¶Y cÖKvk cvq bv|
Avevi Rxe‡bi j¶Y cÖKvk K‡i|
wecvK wµqv G‡Z †Kvb wecvK wµqv †`Lv hvq bv| G‡Z wecvKxq wKªqv msNwUZ nq|

g¨v‡jwiqvi ciRxwe

1| DÏxcK t g¨v‡jwiqv GK ai‡bi R¡i| GK mg‡q GB R¡i†K gvivZ¥K e‡j wPwýZ Kiv n‡Zv| KviY G R¡‡ii †Kvb wPwKrmv wQj
bv | eZ©gv‡b KzBbvBb RvZxq Ily‡ai mvnv‡h¨ GB R¡i †_‡K cwiÎvY cvIqv hvq|
cÖwZKv‡ii †P‡q cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’vB DËg| 7