Page 30 - Botany

DcKvwiZv t
 cÖwZ‡laK cÖ¯‘wZ‡Z t emšÍ, †cvwjI, †cøM, UvBd‡qW, RjvZ¼ cÖf„wZ †iv‡Mi wUKv fvBivm w`‡qB ˆZwi Kiv nq|
 wRbZË¡ I AvYweK Rxewe`¨v t wRbZË¡ welqK cix¶vg~jK M‡elYvq fvBivm e¨eüZ nq|
 dz‡ji †mŠ›`h© e„wׇZ t jvj wUDwjc dz‡j fvBivm Avµg‡Yi d‡j j¤^v mv`v `vM c‡o, G‡Z dz‡ji †mŠ›`h© †e‡o hvq|
 e¨vK‡UwiIdvR wnmv‡e t wKQy fvBivm Avgv‡`i Rb¨ ¶wZKviK e¨vK‡Uwiqv aŸsm K‡i Avgv‡`i DcKvi K‡i|
 ˆRweK wbqš¿‡Y t A‡÷ªwjqv‡Z Li‡Mvk wbqš¿‡Y wg‡·vfvBivm‡K e¨envi Kiv nq |

cÖkœt T2 e¨vK‡UwiIdv‡Ri MVb wjL|
T2 e¨vK‡UwiIdvRt GwU GKwU me©vwaK cwiwPZ fvBivm| T2 fvBiv‡mi †`n‡K `ywU
cÖavb As‡k fvM Kiv P‡j, h_vt gv_v Ges †jR| gv_vwU ùxZ I lofyRvK…wZi Ges
†cÖvwUb AYy w`‡q ˆZwi| Gi ˆ`N©¨ cÖvq 93 nm Ges cÖ¯’ 65 nm| _wj AvK…wZi G
ùxZ As‡ki †fZ‡i wis AvK…wZi wØ-m~ÎK GKwU DNA Aby cu¨vPv‡bv Ae¯’vq _v‡K|
G‡Z cÖvq 150 wU Rxb _v‡K| gv_vi AwaKvsk ¯’vbB duvcv e‡j g‡b nq| †jRwUi
ˆ`N¨© cÖvq 100 nm Ges e¨vm cÖvq 25 nm| †j‡Ri Dcwifv‡M my¯úó PvKwZi gZ
GKwU Kjvi Av‡Q Ges †j‡Ri cÖavb AskwU GKwU duvcv b‡ji gZ| Gi Af¨šÍ‡i
†Kvb DNA ‡bB| wb‡Pi w`‡K †em‡cøU, KuvUvi gZ ¯úvBK Ges QqwU ¯úk©K Zš‘
Av‡Q| †jR, Kjvi, †em‡cøU, ¯úvBK Ges ¯úk©K Zš‘ meB †cÖvwUb w`‡q ˆZwi| G‡Z
wbDwK¬qvm, †KvlwSwjø, mvB‡UvcøvRg, †Kvl cÖvPxi I Ab¨vb¨ ¶z`ªv½ BZ¨vw` †bB|

cÖkœ t e¨vK‡UwiIdv‡Ri msL¨ve„w× ev RxebPµ Av‡jvPbv Ki|
e¨vK‡UwiIdv‡Ri msL¨ve„w× ev RxebPµ t e¨vK‡UwiIdv‡Ri msL¨ve„w× ev RxebPµ‡K jvBwUK Pµ e‡j|
jvBwUK Pµ t †h c×wZ‡Z dvR fvBivm †cvlK e¨vK‡Uwiqv †Kv‡l cª‡ek K‡i msL¨ve„w× m¤úbœ K‡i I AcZ¨ fvBivm¸‡jv
†cvlK †`‡ni we`viY ev jvBwmm NwU‡q wbM©Z nq Zv‡K jvBwUK Pµ e‡j| T2 dvR Gi jvBwUK Pµ wb‡P eY©bv Kiv n‡jv -
Ab¨ mKj Rx‡ei gZ fvBiv‡mI we‡kl Dcv‡q msL¨ve„w× n‡q _v‡K Ges cÖwZwU bZzb fvBivm †`L‡Z ûeû GKB iKg nq| G‡K
msL¨ve„w× e‡j| wb‡P T2 e¨vK‡UwiIdvR Gi msL¨ve„w× cÖwµqv eY©bv Kiv njt
Gi msL¨ve„w× cÖwµqv t Gi msL¨ve„w× cÖwµqv‡K wZbwU ch©v‡q fvM Kiv hvqt
(1) msµgb ch©vq t e¨vK‡Uwiqv †Kv‡li ms¯ú‡k© Avmv n‡Z fvBivm DNA
e¨vK‡Uwiqv‡gi †Kv‡li Af¨šÍ‡i cÖ‡ek ch©šÍ G ch©v‡qi we¯Í…wZ|
(i) ¯úk©K Zš‘i mvnv‡h¨ GwU E coli e¨vK‡Uwiqv‡gi Mv‡q †j‡M hvq|
(ii) †j‡M _vKv ¯’v‡bi †KvlcÖvPxi wQ`ª n‡q hvq Ges fvBivm ïaygvÎ Zvi
DNA e¨vK‡Uwiqvg †Kv‡l AšÍt‡¶c Øviv cÖ‡ek Kwi‡q †`q|
(2) msL¨ve„w× ch©vq t fvBivm DNA I †cÖvwUb AveiY MVb Ges bZzb fvBivm
MVb ch©šÍ G ch©v‡qi we¯Í…wZ|
(i) AwZ Aí mg‡qi g‡a¨ fvBivm DNA e¨vK‡Uwiqv‡gi GbRvBg‡K
Ggbfv‡e msMwVZ K‡i †h ZLb †mB †Kv‡li g‡a¨ †ewk †ewk ïay fvBiv‡mi
DNA Ges †mB mv‡_ †cÖvwUb AveiY ˆZwi n‡Z _v‡K|
(ii) †kl ch©v‡q DNA I †cÖvwUb AveiY wg‡j bZyb fvBivm m„wó K‡i|
(3) weMjb ch©vq t e¨vK‡Uwiqv‡gi †KvlcÖvPxi wQbœ K‡i bZzb fvBivm¸‡jvi †ei
n‡q Avmv‡K weMjb ch©vq e‡j|
(i) me©‡k‡l e¨vK‡Uwiqv‡gi †Kvl wQbœ K‡i bZzb fvBivm¸‡jv †ei n‡q Av‡m|
Gfv‡e gvÎ 30 wgwbU mg‡qi g‡a¨ 300 bZzb fvBivm m„wó n‡Z cv‡i| †cvlK
e¨vK‡Uwiqv‡K AvµgY Kivi ci †_‡K †h mgq ch©šÍ c~Y©v½ AcZ¨ fvBivm m„wó
bv nq †mB mgqKvj‡K Eclipse period e‡j|
[[[jvB‡mv‡RwbK Pµ t †h cÖwµqvq dvR fvBivm e¨vK‡Uwiqvi †Kv‡l cÖ‡ek Kivi ci fvBivj DNA wU e¨vK‡Uwiqvj DNA AYyi m‡½ mshy³ nq Ges
e¨vK‡Uwiqvj DNA Gi m‡½ GK‡Î cÖwZwjwc MVb K‡i wKšÍy c~Y©v½ fvBivmiæ‡c e¨vK‡Uwiqv †Kv‡li we`viY NwU‡q gy³ nq bv Zv‡K jvB‡mv‡RwbK Pµ
e‡j| E. coli e¨vK‡Uwiqv AvµgbKvix j¨vgWv dvR G jvB‡mv‡RwbK Pµ †`Lv hvq|]]]

fvBivmRwbZ †ivM t
‡c‡ci wis ¯úU †ivM ( Ring Spot Disease of Papaya )
GB †ivMwU c„w_exi cÖvq me©ÎB cwijw¶Z nq| Z‡e kxZcÖavb †`kmgy‡n †ewk n‡q _v‡K| Papaya Ring Spot Virus
(PRSV) bvgK RNA fvBivm GB †ivM m„wó K‡i|
‡iv‡Mi j¶Y t
 cvZvq njy` †Qvchy³ `vM m„wó nq|
 KwP cvZvi e„w× iwnZ nq|
 d‡ji Dci Mvp meyR e‡Y©i †MvjvKvi `vM nq|
cÖwZKv‡ii †P‡q cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’vB DËg| 2