Page 29 - Botany

PZz_© Aa¨vq AYyRxe (Microorganisms)
mb&Rq P›`ª gÛj, mnKvwi Aa¨vcK, Dw™¢`weÁvb, RqcyinvU miKvwi K‡jR, RqcyinvU

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K) Dc‡ii wPθ‡jv Kx‡mi ? 1
L) wPθ‡jvi bvg wjL| 2
M) fvBiv‡mi MVb wjL| 3
N) wP‡Îi Dcv`vb¸‡jv Rxe I Ro Df‡qi g‡a¨ †eZzeÜb m„wóKvix mË¡v Ñ Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4
1| DËi t
K) Dc‡ii wPθ‡jv fvBiv‡mi |
L) wPθ‡jvi bvg wb‡P †`Iqv n‡jv Ñ
A = ‡Uve¨v‡Kv †gvRvBK fvBivm (TMV) Gi MVb|
B = fvKwmwbqv (Vaccinia) fvBivm|
C = HIV Gi MVb|
M) fvBiv‡mi MVb t fvBivm KYv‡K wfwiqb e‡j| MVb Abymv‡i
fvBivm KYv‡K `ywU cÖavb As‡k wef³, h_v Ñ
1) K¨vc&wmW t fvBivm KYvi evB‡ii †cÖvwUb Avei‡Yi bvg
K¨vc&wmW| G AveiYwU AmsL¨ †cÖvwUb AYyi GKK wb‡q MwVZ|
cÖwZwU AYy GKK‡K K¨vc‡mvwgqvi e‡j| †Kvb †Kvb cÖvYx
fvBiv‡mi K¨vcwmW AveiYxi evB‡i GKwU wj‡cv‡cÖvwU‡bi ¯Íi
we`¨gvb _v‡K| Giƒc fvBivm‡K wj‡cvfvBivm ejv nq|
2) wbDwK¬K A¨vwmW t fvBivm KYvi †K›`ªxq AskwU wbDwK¬K A¨vwmW w`‡q MwVZ| wbDwK¬K A¨vwmWwU nq RNA wKsev DNA
w`‡q MwVZ| mvaviYZ Dw™¢` fvBiv‡m RNA Ges cÖvYx fvBivm I e¨vK‡UwiIdv‡h DNA we`¨gvb _v‡K|
wbDwK¬K A¨vwmW I †cÖvwUb QvovI †Kvb †Kvb fvBivm KYvq wjwcW, Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU,GbRvBg, mvgvb¨ cwigvb avZe e¯‘ I
wfUvwg‡bi b¨vq c`v_© cvIqv wM‡q‡Q|

N) wP‡Îi Dcv`vb¸‡jv Rxe I Ro Df‡qi ˆewkó¨ enb K‡i Ñ
Rxexq ˆewkó¨ t 1) fvBivm gvÎB DNA ev RNA AYy Ges †cÖvwUb w`‡q MwVZ |
2) RxešÍ Rxe‡Kv‡li Af¨šÍ‡i Giv msL¨ve„w× Ki‡Z cv‡i |
3) G‡Z †R‡bwUK wiKw¤^‡bkb NU‡Z †`Lv hvq |
4) G‡Z variation m„wó I mutation NU‡Z †`Lv hvq|
Ro ˆewkó¨ t 1) fvBiv‡mi †Kvb wbw`©ó †Kvl †bB|
2) G‡`i †Kvb ‰RweK Kvh©Kjvc Ab¨ mRxe †Kvl Qvov NU‡Z cv‡i bv|
3) G‡`i mvB‡UvcøvRg, wbDwK¬qvm, †Kvlxq A½vYy Ges wecvKxq GbRvBg †bB |
4) G‡`i‡K wµ÷¨v‡j ev ùwUK `vbvq iƒcvšÍwiZ Kiv hvq Ges D³ `vbv eûw`b ch©šÍ AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K|
5) ivmvqwbK w`K w`‡q fvBivm †cÖvwUb I wbDwK¬K A¨vwm‡Wi mgš^‡q MwVZ ( wbDwK¬I‡cÖvwUb)|
myZivs Dchy©³ Rxexq I Ro Dfq ˆewkó¨ enb Kivi Rb¨ wP‡Îi Dcv`vb¸‡jv‡K Z_v fvBivm‡K Rxe I Ro Df‡qi g‡a¨
†mZzeÜbKvix mË¡v wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq|

AwZwi³ cÖkœ t fvBiv‡mi A_©‰bwZK ¸iæZ¡ Av‡jvPbv Ki|
fvBiv‡mi A_©‰bwZK ¸iæZ¡ t fvBivm g~jZ GKcÖKvi †ivM m„wóKvix RxeKYv| wb‡gœ fvBiv‡mi AcKvix I DcKvix f~wgKv m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv t
AcKvwiZv t
 gvby‡li †ivM m„wó t gvby‡li Bbd¬z‡qÄv, †cvwjI, nvg, emšÍ, †W½y, fvBivj †ncvUvBwUm, RjvZ¼, nvwc©m, GBW&m cÖf„wZ
bvbvwea gvivZœK †ivM wewfbœ fvBivm Øviv msNwUZ nq|
 gnvgvix t GBP1 Gb1 fvBivm Øviv msNwUZ †mvqvBb d¬z †ivM mv¤cÖwZK Kv‡j gnvgvix m„wó K‡i| GweIjv fvBivm Gi
Avµg‡Y †`‡ni †Kvl †d‡U hvq I gnvgvix †`Lv †`q| G kZ‡Ki †Mvovi w`‡K Pxb, ZvBIqvb, KvbvWv cÖf„wZ †`‡k
SARS , evW© d¬z cÖf„wZ fvBiv‡mi Kvi‡Y gvby‡li g„Zz¨mn AvšÍ©RvwZK A_©bxwZ ¶wZMÖ¯’ n‡q‡Q|

 M„ncvwjZ cïi †ivM t Miæ gwn‡li cv I gy‡Li ¶Z †ivM Ges KzKzi I weov‡ji RjvZ¼ †ivM fvBivm Øviv msNwUZ nq|
 Dw™¢‡`i †ivM m„wó t Dw™¢‡`i †gvRvBK, wjd‡ivj cÖf„wZ cÖvq 300 †iv‡Mi KviYI fvBivm|
 DcKvix AYyRxe aŸsmKvix t wKQy fvBivm A‡bK DcKvix AYyRxe aŸsm K‡i Avgv‡`i A_©‰bwZK ¶wZmvab K‡i|
cÖwZKv‡ii †P‡q cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’vB DËg| 1