Page 27 - mathematics

Matrices  a1 
a2 
Definition (Matrix): 
A matrix is a set of real or complex numbers (or 
an 
elements) arranged in some rows and columns which 
form a rectangular array.
is called a column vector n 1
The numbers in the array are called entries or elements
of the matrix. If a matrix has m rows and n columns, a1 a2  an 

we say that its dimension (order) is m by n m  n is called a row vector 1 n

 a11 a12  a1n 
 
A   a21 a22  a2n 
 
am 1 

am 2  amn 

Operations on matrices 3) Scalar multiple of a matrix:

1) Equality of matrices:  ka11 ka12  ka1p 
 
2) Matrix addition and subtraction kA   ka21 ka22  ka2 p    kaij m
   
  p

kam1 kam2  kamp 

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