Page 106 - MNU-PM502- Pharmaeutical Microbiology Theoritical Book

Pharm D- Clinical Pharmacy Program Third Level Pharmaceutical Microbiology& Antimicrobials (PM 502)

G+ve bacteria

➢ Poor absorption from GIT

➢ IV to treat systemic infections

➢ Active against Gram positive cocci including MRSA,

➢ good activity against anaerobic gram-positive bacteria, including C.

difficile

Adverse effects:
➢ Rapid infusion can lead to vancomycin infusion
reaction (red man” syndrome)
(pruritus and an erythematous rash on the face,

neck, and upper torso).

Prevention: slow the rate of infusion (1-2 hours)

Bacitracin

Mechanism: inhibits cell wall biosynthesis by interfering with the transport of

peptidoglycan precursors across the cytoplasmic membrane

• Only effective against Gram-positive bacteria
• only topical use due to its toxicity G+ve bacteria

Fosfomycin

Mechanism: inhibiting synthesis of peptidoglycan precursor by binding to
phpsphoenolpyruvate transferase enzyme (MurA) Inhibit the first step in cell
wall synthesis

• Excreted unchanged in urine, achieving high concentrations
for a prolonged period

• Used in prophylaxis and treatment of UTIs
• broad antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and
Gram-negative pathogens

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